Generic placeholder image

Current Analytical Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4110
ISSN (Online): 1875-6727

Research Article

A Comparative Study of Determination the Spectral Characteristics of Serum Total Protein Among Laser System and Spectrophotometric: Advantage and Limitation of Suggested Methods

Author(s): AL-Timimi Zahra*

Volume 15, Issue 5, 2019

Page: [583 - 590] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180531092053

Price: $65

Abstract

Background and Objective: Laser spectroscopy is becoming an increasingly paramount analytical tool. Scientists today have at their disposal many various types of laser-based analytical techniques. In this article, the possibility of using capabilities of a laser to analyze and find the concentration of Serum Total Protein (STP) was studied.

Materials and Methods: The laser system includes a diode laser with 532 nm wavelength, with maximum output power being 5 mW. Laser bandwidth ranges around (524 nm – 546 nm) experimentally justified using a monochromator. A simple variable resistance with a range from zero to10Ω for obtaining a range of laser output power, detector, parallel variable resistance with the range from zero to 5 kΩ and meter for measuring the percentage of transmittance. The absorption spectroscopy of STP samples was measured by double beam spectrophotometer.

Results: Maximum absorbance of STP is at the range (520-580 nm) and the peak at (500) nm. Laser system measurements included the study of absorbance of STP as a function of cuvet thickness, transmittance as a function of cuvet thickness and absorbance as a function of laser power. In order to ascertain our calculations, the results have been compared with the results of the spectrophotometer. The Relative Standard Deviation (RSD%) values are about (0.67-17.18).

Conclusion: The diode laser system is a highly efficient and easy system and allows access to a range of powers. Since the divergence of the laser beam is very low. All results are in good agreement with conventional double beam spectrophotometer.

Keywords: Absorption spectroscopy, blood, laser spectroscopy, serum total protein, spectrophotometer, transmittance.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Zeng, J.; Wang, J.; Zhang, C. Method comparison and accuracy of 15 commercial serum total protein assays. Chinese J. Lab. Med, 2015, 38(5), 292-295.
[2]
Roizen, J.D.; Shah, V.; Levine, M.A.; Carlow, D.C. Determination of reference intervals for serum total calcium in the vitamin d-Replete pediatric population. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 2013, 98(12), E1946-E1950.
[3]
He, M.; Zhang, J. Evaluation of four commercial biuret reagent kits of serum total protein by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry reference measurement procedure. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 2011, 49(6), 989-992.
[4]
Kumar, C.M.; Singh, S. Assessing protein energy malnutrition in children: Biochemical markers serum total protein, serum albumin and serum protein electrophoresis. Pak. Pediatr. J., 2013, 37(4), 236-242.
[5]
Andrada, D.; Pinto, F.G.; Magalhães, C.G. Direct Determination of lead in human urine and serum samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and permanent modifiers. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. Hum. Urin. Serum Samples, 2006, 17(2), 328-332.
[6]
Zahra, A-T.T. Exploration of additional mechanical phenomena of laser-tissue interaction contributes to the damage and elimination of the small blood vessels. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res., 2014, 5(12), 672-675.
[7]
Chawla, R. Serum total protein and albumin-globulin ratio. In: Practical Clinical Biochemistry: Methods and Interpretation; , 2014, 4pp, pp. 5-48.
[8]
Khazaei, M.; Nematbakhsh, M.; Moradi, A. A new equation for calculation of colloid osmotic pressure based on serum total protein concentration and UV-light absorption. Curr. Anaesth. Crit. Care, 2008, 19(1), 8-11.
[9]
Georgieva, T.M.; Zapryanova, D.S.; Dishlyanova, E.V. Comparison of the results of serum total protein concentration measured by 3 methods: Preliminary results. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 2009, 33(1), 1.
[10]
Al Timimi, Z.; Jaafar, M.; Mat, Z.; Jafri, M. Photodynamic therapy and Green Laser blood Therapy. Glob. J. Med. Res, 2011, 11(5), 22-28.
[11]
Baddini, A.L.Q.; da Cunha, L.E.R.; de Oliveira, A.M.C.; Cassella, R.J. Determination of total protein in hyperimmune serum samples by near-infrared spectrometry and multivariate calibration. Anal. Biochem., 2010, 397(2), 175-180.
[12]
Brunt, K.; Drost, W.C. Design, construction, and testing of an automated NIR in-line analysis system for potatoes. Part I: Off-line NIR feasibility study for the characterization of potato composition. Potato Res., 2010, 53(1), 25-39.
[13]
Ding, M.; Deng, W.; Wang, J.; Zhang, X. Determination of serum total bile acids by capillary electrophoresis and enzymatic electrochemiluminescence assay. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing, 2010.CN101825609A, 12.
[14]
Zahra, A-T. Assessment of the impacts of 830 nm low power laser on Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4) and the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in the rabbits. J. Med. Sci. Clin. Res, 2014, 2(11), 2902-2910.
[15]
Zahra, A-T. Biological effects of yellow laser-induced of cell survival: Structural DNA damage comparison is undergoing ultraviolet radiation photocoagulation. Int. J. Eng. Res. Gen. Sci, 2014, 2(5), 1.
[16]
Zahra, A-T. Investigating the effects of green laser irradiation on red blood cells: Green laser blood therapy. Int. J. Appl. Res. Stud, 2014, 3(10), 1-5.
[17]
Zaia, D.A.M.; Marques, F.R.; Zaia, C.T.B.V. Spectrophotometric determination of total proteins in blood plasma: A comparative study among dye-binding methods. Braz. Arch. Biol. Technol., 2005, 48(3), 385-388.
[18]
Zaia, D.A.M.; Verri, W.A.; Zaia, C.T.B.V. Determination of total proteins in several tissues of rat: A comparative study among spectrophotometric methods. Microchem. J., 2000, 64(3), 235-239.
[19]
Knoll, G.F. Radiation Detection and Measurement, 4th ed; Wiley & Sons: New York, 2010.
[20]
Knoll, G.F. Radiation detection and measurement. Phoenix Usa, 2010, 3, 830.
[21]
Wang, H.; Li, W-R.R.; Guo, X-F.F.; Zhang, H-S.S. Spectrophotometric determination of total protein in serum using a novel near-infrared cyanine dye, 5,5′-dicarboxy-1,1′-disulfobutyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2007, 387(8), 2857-2862.
[22]
Dong, L.; Li, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, X.; Hu, Z. A flow injection sampling resonance light scattering system for total protein determination in human serum. Spectrochim. Acta- Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 2007, 66(4-5), 1317-1322.
[23]
Saravanan, A.V.; Ravishankar, P.L.; Kumar, P.; Rajapandian, K.; Kalaivani, V.; Rajula, M.P.B. Estimation of serum triglycerides, serum cholesterol, total protein, IgG levels in chronic periodontitis affected elderly patients: A cross-sectional study. J. Int. Soc. Prev. Community Dent., 2017, 7(2), 120-124.
[24]
Perez-Guaita, D.; Ventura-Gayete, J.; Pérez-Rambla, C.; Sancho-Andreu, M.; Garrigues, S.; De La Guardia, M. Protein determination in serum and whole blood by attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2012, 404(3), 649-656.
[25]
Bothwell, J.H.F.; Griffin, J.L. An introduction to biological nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Biol. Rev. , 2011, 86(2), 493-510.
[26]
Schneider, B. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in biosynthetic studies. Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc., 2007, 51(3), 155-198.
[27]
Saluja, A.; Badkar, A.V.; Zeng, D.L.; Nema, S.; Kalonia, D.S. Ultrasonic storage modulus as a novel parameter for analyzing protein-protein interactions in high protein concentration solutions: correlation with static and dynamic light scattering measurements. Biophys. J., 2007, 92(1), 234-244.
[28]
Silva, A.M.; Andrade, M.A.B.; Adamowski, J.C. Ultrasonic separation monitoring by near-infrared light scattering. In: IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS, 2012, pp. 1714-1717.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy