摘要
由于具有优异物理和化学性质的独特二维平面纳米结构，黑磷（BP）作为具有高生物相容性和降解性的新兴无机二维纳米材料已成为生物医学中最具潜力的材料之一。剥离的BP片材具有超高的表面积，可用于化学疗法的有效生物结合和分子加载。利用固有的近红外光吸收，实现了基于BP的体内光热疗法，光动力疗法和生物医学成像，在动物实验中实现了前所未有的抗肿瘤治疗效果。另外，BP纳米片可以与氧和水强烈反应，最后在水溶液中降解成无毒的磷酸盐和膦酸盐。本手稿旨在总结BP及其衍生物黑磷量子点（BPQD）的诊断应用的初步进展，并讨论了使用基于BP的材料用于治疗诊断应用的前景和现有的未解决的关键问题。
关键词: 黑磷，生物医学，癌症治疗，黑磷量子点，治疗应用，光热疗法，光动力疗法。
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