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Review Article

食人肠轴：饮食对肠道菌群和代谢组的影响

卷 26, 期 19, 2019

页: [3567 - 3583] 页: 17

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867324666170428103848

价格: $65

摘要

肠道菌群是人类有机体中最大的共生菌群落，正逐渐成为饮食习惯与健康之间关系的关键因素。口腔，尤其是肠道微生物代谢饮食成分，通过产生有害或有益的代谢产物而影响人类健康，这些代谢产物与几种肠道相关和非相关疾病的发生和发展有关。习惯饮食（西方，农业和地中海杂食饮食，素食，素食主义者和无麸质饮食）驱动肠道微生物群和代谢组的组成。在饮食成分中，未被人类酶水解的聚合物（主要是纤维，蛋白质，脂肪和多酚）似乎是肠道菌群代谢途径的主要先导，继而直接影响人类的代谢组。饮食与微生物，微生物和代谢产物，微生物与免疫功能，微生物和/或其代谢产物以及某些人类疾病之间的特殊关系正在建立。通过改善饮食中短链脂肪酸的合成并降低与疾病状态有关的分子（例如对甲酚硫酸盐，吲哚酚硫酸盐和三甲胺N-氧化物）的水平，使用纤维进行的饮食疗法最有效地改善了代谢组。本文以饮食微生物菌群健康为轴心，旨在描述最新的知识，这些知识旨在通过合理的饮食利用有益的饮食，通过肠道微生物菌群的活动直接和间接地为人类健康提供益处。

关键词: 肠道菌群，饮食，膳食纤维，蛋白质，脂肪，多酚，益生菌，代谢组。

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