Abstract
Within the Green Chemistry context, one of the major challenges is the replacement of conventional homogeneous catalysts by heterogeneous catalysts, which are easy to handle and usually recyclable since they can be readily recovered. This paradigm change is becoming particularly significant with the development of zeolites, either in their native acidic form or modified by metal ions, as catalysts in organic chemistry. Due to the current burgeoning of this new field, the present review only covers some typical but representative aspects. Typical reactions of carbohydrates and other acid-sensitive organic compounds can be catalyzed by H-zeolites, advantageously replacing dangerous and toxic strong acids. Metal-doped zeolites can act as catalysts for various transformations. Some cycloadditions, including the well-known 'click' reaction, and coupling, specially Cu-catalyzed reactions. This new kind of heterogeneous catalysts can be recycled and reused, in sharp contrast to conventional homogeneous catalysts.
Keywords: Zeolites, heterogeneous catalysis, green chemistry, organic synthesis, copper, scandium, solid acids, transition metals.
Graphical Abstract
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
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