Abstract
Background: The incidence of acute coronary syndrome is reported to be higher for males than females, yet clinical outcomes following acute myocardial infarction are worse among females. Information about acute coronary syndrome outcomes is obtained from randomised and cohort data. However, randomised controlled trials which are designed to evaluate the efficacy of clinical interventions often have limited external validity, and observational studies which draw inferences from the effect of an exposure whilst being more generalizable are limited by confounding. Methods: We undertook a structured literature review of research manuscripts published between 2000 and 2015 to examine whether reported sex-dependent outcomes following acute coronary syndrome differed between randomised control trials and observational registries. Results: Of 56 manuscripts, we found consistency between the two types of study designs – each type of study describing worse clinical outcomes for females with acute coronary syndrome. We also found a reduction in the use of guideline recommended therapy in females. Conclusion: Further research is needed to understand at a mechanistic and health services level why such a discrepancy in clinical outcomes exists.
Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome, sex outcomes, trials, registries.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Are Sex Differences in Outcomes of Patients with ACS from Observational Registries Similar to the Findings from Randomized Clinical Trials?
Volume: 22 Issue: 25
Author(s): Chris P. Gale and Owen Bebb
Affiliation:
Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome, sex outcomes, trials, registries.
Abstract: Background: The incidence of acute coronary syndrome is reported to be higher for males than females, yet clinical outcomes following acute myocardial infarction are worse among females. Information about acute coronary syndrome outcomes is obtained from randomised and cohort data. However, randomised controlled trials which are designed to evaluate the efficacy of clinical interventions often have limited external validity, and observational studies which draw inferences from the effect of an exposure whilst being more generalizable are limited by confounding. Methods: We undertook a structured literature review of research manuscripts published between 2000 and 2015 to examine whether reported sex-dependent outcomes following acute coronary syndrome differed between randomised control trials and observational registries. Results: Of 56 manuscripts, we found consistency between the two types of study designs – each type of study describing worse clinical outcomes for females with acute coronary syndrome. We also found a reduction in the use of guideline recommended therapy in females. Conclusion: Further research is needed to understand at a mechanistic and health services level why such a discrepancy in clinical outcomes exists.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
P. Gale Chris and Bebb Owen, Are Sex Differences in Outcomes of Patients with ACS from Observational Registries Similar to the Findings from Randomized Clinical Trials?, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2016; 22 (25) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160426150626
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160426150626 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Dyslipidaemia Related to Insulin Resistance and Cardiovascular Disease in South Asian and West African Populations
Current Pharmaceutical Design Inflammation, Adiponectin, Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk
Current Medicinal Chemistry Ascorbic Acid: Its Role in Immune System and Chronic Inflammation Diseases
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Possible Therapeutic Targets in Cardiac Myocyte Apoptosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeting Platelet-Neutrophil Interactions in Giant-Cell Arteritis
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Review on the Use of Statins and Tocotrienols, Individually or in Combination for the Treatment of Osteoporosis
Current Drug Targets Fatty Acids and Obesity
Current Pharmaceutical Design Prevention of Endothelial Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease by n-3 Fatty Acids-Inhibiting Action on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial Statins: [Hot Topic: Statins: Effects Beyond Cholesterol Lowering (Guest Editor: Garry X. Shen)]
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Quantification of Shear Stress and Geometric Risk Factors in Carotid Atherosclerosis: Review and Clinical Evidence
Recent Patents on Medical Imaging Targeting Calcium and the Mitochondria in Prevention of Pathology in the Heart
Current Drug Targets Short Term, Low Dose Simvastatin Pretreatment Alters Memory Immune Function Following Secondary Staphylococcus aureus Infection
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Direct Cardiac Reprogramming with Engineered miRNA Scaffolds
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Adult Patient with Eisenmenger Syndrome: A Medical Update after Dana Point Part III: Specific Management and Surgical Aspects
Current Cardiology Reviews Thalidomide: An Overview of its Pharmacological Mechanisms of Action
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Severe Coagulation Disorder and Thrombocytopenia Associated with Tigecycline – Case Report and Review of Literature
Current Drug Safety Advancements within Modern Machine Learning Methodology: Impacts and Prospects in Biomarker Discovery
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Effects of Soy Isoflavones in Postmenopausal Women: Clinical Review
Current Drug Therapy Biologically Responsive Nanosystems Targeting Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Drug Delivery Bioactives in Disease Prevention and Health Promotion: Exploiting Combinatorial Effects
Current Bioactive Compounds