Abstract
The biological activities of the calix[n]arenes have been extensively reported on, with regard to various forms of life ranging from self-replicating systems, such as, viruses, through bacteria, fungi and mammalian cells to human beings. This article reviews more than one hundred different calix[n]arenes classified according to their biological effects directly observed on living species. These macrocyclic molecules have been reported as detoxifying agents, as having antibacterial, antiviral, anticoagulant, anticancer, antifungal activities, as membrane protein modulators / extracters, drug transporters and fluorescent probes. Special in vivo sections, have been inserted when possible for each biological effect showing the impact of the calix[n]arenes on whole living system such as animals or humans.
Keywords: Calix[n]arenes, in vitro, in vivo, cells, biological applications, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
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