Abstract
In this contribution, patents and literature concerning the development and application of tool materials and coating materials are reviewed including patents relating to the selection and preparation of materials for recent lathe-type tools. To address the needs of machining in the future, new types of coating materials and patents dealing with coating methods such as PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) and CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) are described as well, designed to improve the tool wear resistance. It is self-evident that advanced cutting tools are vital for the machining process as the materials and coatings determine their performance. Among various tool materials introduced in this article, the preparation and field of application focus on sintered carbides, ceramics and superhard materials. In addition, the wear process of CBN tools during machining of 100Cr6 steel is used as an example. The results are as follows. In the beginning, with increasing time, the flank wear form shows a regular variation. However, irregular changes occur beyond 50min. Moreover, the wear process of the tool consists initially in formation of small pits by tool friction, and subsequently by flank wear as described above. Furthermore, research results will be described concerning the influence of thermal exposure during machining on coated tools. Finally, the wear state of coated and non-coated tools subjected to the same machining conditions are being compared, using white-light interferometry and scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results imply that research and development into cutting tool coatings are vital not only to obtain longer tool service life, but also to guarantee high-quality machined surfaces.
Keywords: Ceramics, coating materials, sintered carbide, superhard materials, wear.
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