Abstract
The association between diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases is increasing with aging. Several common mechanisms are involved in both these diseases.
The endothelial cells of the blood brain barrier, neurons and glia express typical and different receptors of the glucose metabolism (glucose transporters, insulin receptors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors). The impairment in insulin signaling leads to an impairment of neuronal function and increases neurodegeneration, and, conversely, neurodegeneration causes a reduction of insulin signaling on neurons.
Increased detailed knowledge of common physiological processes opens up the opportunities for developing new treatments that may prevent or reduce the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the review is to discuss the potential neuroprotective effects of the antidiabetic drugs. The article presents somepromising patents on the treatment of insulin resistance in the neurodegeneration.
Keywords: Insulin resistance, neurodegeneration, glucagon-like peptide-1, incretins, insulin receptors.
66