Superoxide Dismutases and Their Inhibitors-the Role in Some Diseases

Title: Superoxide Dismutases and Their Inhibitors-the Role in Some Diseases

Volume: 2 Issue: 4

Author(s): Bozena Bukowska, Jaromir Michalowicz, Danuta Pieniazek, Paulina Sicinska and Wirgiliusz Duda

Affiliation:

Keywords: Superoxide dismutases, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, SOD inhibitors, oxidative stress, peroxynitrite, SOD dysfunction

Abstract: Superoxide dismutase (SODs, E.C.1.15.1.1) are metalloproteins, which are subdivided into four different catagories, as they contain different metals: copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) superoxide dismutase, manganese (Mn) superoxide dismutase, iron (Fe) superoxide dismutase, and nickel (Ni) superoxide dismutase. In mammalian tissues, due to location in cell, dismutases are divided into cytosolic dismutase - CuZnSOD (SOD- 1) that is present in cytoplasm and nucleus, mitochondrial dismutase - MnSOD (SOD-2) that is contained in mitochondrial matrix, and extracellular dismutase - EC-SOD (SOD-3) that exists in intracellular spaces of tissues and extracellular fluids (plasma, lymph, celebral-modulatory or synovial). SODs eliminate superoxide radicals from cell environment and prevents formation of reactive oxygen species and their derivatives. SODs are characterized by thier peroxidative activity: they degrades hydrogen peroxide at the participation of uric acid, HCO3 - and other substrates such as formate, glutamate, tyrosine, etc. Superoxide dismutases may be only damaged by some xenobiotics, e.g., azide, cyanides, chloric acid or diethyl-dithio-carbamate and hydrogen peroxide. They play an essential role in stabilization of blood pressure and correct astrocytes blood supply. They are responsible for male fertility, lung function, NO metabolism, and also for development of numerous diseases. In this review, we describe the effect of age and some physical (ionization) and chemical factors (hydrogen peroxide, 2-methoxyestradiol, diethyl-dithio-carbamate, chlorophenols, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin, microcystin-LR) on the activity of SODs. As their activity is decreased in many diseases and under influence of many physical and chemical factors, it is supposed that SOD supplementation may be very important in therapy. Administration of recombined EC-SOD may prevent cells from damages caused by radical activity.

Cite this article as:

Bukowska Bozena, Michalowicz Jaromir, Pieniazek Danuta, Sicinska Paulina and Duda Wirgiliusz, Superoxide Dismutases and Their Inhibitors-the Role in Some Diseases, Current Enzyme Inhibition 2006; 2 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340806778699271

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340806778699271	Print ISSN 1573-4080
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-6662