Abstract
Drug allergies are heterogeneous and multifactorial diseases and are always the consequence of an exaggerated immune-mediated reaction. Previously described models of immunologic mechanisms (mainly based on Gell and Combs classification) cannot fully explain the physiopathology of these diseases; it seems therefore important to identify risk factors. Clinical and biologic tests are helpful diagnostic tools but are limited in their sensitivity and reliability and are certainly not predictive. Epidemiologic data supply information concerning the prevalence of drug hypersensitivity: female gender, concomitant infections (HIV, herpes) and concurrent illnesses (systemic lupus erythematosus) are all significant risk factors. Another host-related factor is the genetic predisposition of patients and is currently under investigation in our laboratory. Most genetic studies concern HLA haplotype association or polymorphism in genes encoding drugmetabolising enzymes. A current study by our group seems to implicate polymorphisms within the promoter of IL-10, a cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties. The chemical properties of the drug and the treatment regimen also influence the development of drug allergies.
Keywords: Drug allergies, risk factors, β-lactam allergy, SNP
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Drug Hypersensitivity: Epidemiology and Risk Factors
Volume: 12 Issue: 26
Author(s): L. Guglielmi, P. Guglielmi and P. Demoly
Affiliation:
Keywords: Drug allergies, risk factors, β-lactam allergy, SNP
Abstract: Drug allergies are heterogeneous and multifactorial diseases and are always the consequence of an exaggerated immune-mediated reaction. Previously described models of immunologic mechanisms (mainly based on Gell and Combs classification) cannot fully explain the physiopathology of these diseases; it seems therefore important to identify risk factors. Clinical and biologic tests are helpful diagnostic tools but are limited in their sensitivity and reliability and are certainly not predictive. Epidemiologic data supply information concerning the prevalence of drug hypersensitivity: female gender, concomitant infections (HIV, herpes) and concurrent illnesses (systemic lupus erythematosus) are all significant risk factors. Another host-related factor is the genetic predisposition of patients and is currently under investigation in our laboratory. Most genetic studies concern HLA haplotype association or polymorphism in genes encoding drugmetabolising enzymes. A current study by our group seems to implicate polymorphisms within the promoter of IL-10, a cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties. The chemical properties of the drug and the treatment regimen also influence the development of drug allergies.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Guglielmi L., Guglielmi P. and Demoly P., Drug Hypersensitivity: Epidemiology and Risk Factors, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2006; 12 (26) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206778194088
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206778194088 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Effect of SEX/Gender on Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Kinins as Therapeutic Agents in Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a in Regulating Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Dermatologic Disorders
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Challenges in the Management of Severe Asthma: Role of Current and Future Therapies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Review of Newer Anticoagulants and Anti-platelet Agents in Acute Coronary Syndrome and Cardiovascular Diseases
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Adverse Effects of Antihistamines on Skin Tests and Antihistamines in Pregnancy
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Sacubitril/Valsartan: A New Dawn has Begun! A Revisited Review
Current Cardiology Reviews IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity to Cephalosporins
Current Pharmaceutical Design New Insights on the Possible Role of Mast Cells in Aspirin-Induced Asthma
Current Molecular Pharmacology Editorial [Hot Topic: Advances in Diagnosing Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions (Executive Editors: A. Romano and M. Ventura)]
Current Pharmaceutical Design Plastid Molecular Pharming II. Production of Biopharmaceuticals by Plastid Transformation
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Potassium Channel Openers and Improvement of Toxic Stress: Do they have Role in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitors: A New Paradigm in Type 2 Diabetes Treatment
Current Drug Targets The Dietary Paradox in Food Allergy: Yesterday's Mistakes, Today's Evidence and Lessons for Tomorrow
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Brief Review of the Essential Role of Nanovehicles for Improving the Therapeutic Efficacy of Pharmacological Agents Against Tumours
Current Drug Delivery Management of Hypertension-Journey from Single Drug Therapy to Multitargeted Ligand Therapy: A Clinical Overview
Current Clinical Pharmacology Efalizumab
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Natural Proteinaceous Inhibitors of Serine Proteases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Interrelationships with Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk
Current Vascular Pharmacology