Leptin and Interleukin-1β Modulate Neuronal Glutamate Release and Protect Against Glucose-Oxygen-Serum Deprivation

Title: Leptin and Interleukin-1β Modulate Neuronal Glutamate Release and Protect Against Glucose-Oxygen-Serum Deprivation

Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Author(s): Chen-Hsuan Wang, Wei-Ti Wang, Shu-Yun Cheng, Wan-Ting Hung, Tzu-Lien Wu and Chi-Mei Hsueh

Affiliation:

Keywords: Apoptosis, glucose-oxygen-serum deprivation, glutamate, IL-1β, leptin

Abstract: Molecular mechanism underlying leptin-mediated neuronal protection against glucose-oxygen-serum deprivation (GOSD) insult was investigated by focusing on the interactions among leptin, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and glutamate and their impacts on the growth of neurons under GOSD. The trypan blue dye exclusion assay, 4, 6-diamidino- 2-phenylindole (DAPI) assay, cytokine antibody array assay, immunocytochemical staining assay, glutamate determination kit, immunoblocking and chemical blocking strategies were applied to serve the study goal. Results showed that in response to 6 h of GOSD, cortical neurons can secrete significant amounts of leptin and IL-1β to protect neurons from GOSD-induced cell damage. Serine/threonine kinase Akt (Akt) and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) inhibitors significantly reversed leptin-mediated neuroprotection. GOSD-induced IL-1β was further enhanced by leptin in Akt/ERK-dependent manner. Blockade of endogenous leptin with specific antibodies significantly inhibited GOSDinduced IL-1β expression and increased glutamate release from GOSD neurons. IL-1 blockade with IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) on the other hand, inhibited leptin-mediated neuroprotection and suppression of glutamate release from GOSD neurons. Pre-treating GOSD neurons with leptin and IL-1β in combined significantly increased their survival but decreased their releases of glutamate. The results indicate that leptin may act through Akt and ERK signaling pathways to protect neurons from GOSD insult; the protection was in part IL-1β dependent and through which the glutamate release from GOSD neurons was inhibited. Therapeutic values of leptin and IL-1β were suggested in the treatment of cerebral ischemia at early stage.

Cite this article as:

Wang Chen-Hsuan, Wang Wei-Ti, Cheng Shu-Yun, Hung Wan-Ting, Wu Tzu-Lien and Hsueh Chi-Mei, Leptin and Interleukin-1β Modulate Neuronal Glutamate Release and Protect Against Glucose-Oxygen-Serum Deprivation, Current Neurovascular Research 2010; 7 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720210792231859