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Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 2666-0822
ISSN (Online): 2666-0830

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Cross-Sectional Study

The Impact of Temperament and Character on Treatment Compliance of Opioid Agonists

Author(s): Shiva Soraya, Ruohollah Seddigh, Fatemeh Hadi, Behnoosh Shahsavaripour, Mahdieh Saeidi, Mandana Haghshenas*, Mahtab Mohammadi and Hanieh Salehifar

Volume 18, Issue 3, 2022

Published on: 23 August, 2022

Page: [260 - 269] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/2666082218666220713141318

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Opioid agonist treatment, as the most effective treatment for opioid dependency, requires patient adherence for its effectiveness in the long run. Previous studies on psychiatric and nonpsychiatric patients indicated that the patient`s temperament has had an effect on their treatment compliance. Some studies on different types of addiction have attributed special temperament and character traits to these patients.

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the impact of temperament and characteristics on opioid treatment compliance. In this study, the relationship between demographic variables, type of medication therapy, and temperament and characteristics scales of patients against opioid agonists therapy compliance was examined.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 150 patients who had initiated the course of opioid agonist maintenance therapy underwent TCI 125-item test and were followed-up for 2 months regarding compliance. The data were inputted into SPSS 24. K-S and Mann-Whitney U tests were employed to explore the relationship between quantitative and qualitative variables, while for examining the relationship between qualitative variables with each other, Chi-square test was utilized. The significance level in the tests was considered p<0.05.

Results: The treatment compliance in this study was 67.2%. In patients who did not have treatment compliance, scores of novelty-seeking (16.7±7 versus 11.7±4, p<0.001), harm avoidance (16.5±5 versus 11.8±5, p<0.0001), reward dependence (12.4±3 versus 10.2±3, p=0.005) and self-transcendence (10.6±2 versus 8.7±2 p=0.002) were higher, but in those who had suitable treatment compliance, scores of persistence (3.5±1 versus 2.3±1, p=0.004) and cooperativeness (17.6±3 versus 14.8±4, p=0.004) were higher. Further, some temperament traits were different among patients undergoing treatment with buprenorphine versus methadone (scores of persistence, self-directedness and self-transcendence were higher in the group receiving buprenorphine, while scores of harm avoidance and cooperativeness were higher in the group under methadone treatment). There was also a significant relationship between gender (good compliance: female 100%, male 65%, poor compliance female 0%, male 35%; p=0.04), level of education (higher), as well as the type of medication (buprenorphine) and treatment compliance.

Conclusion: The results of this study can help to identify high-risk individuals for withdrawing opioid addiction. These people can be a target for pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to have their personality traits modified. Investigation of the effect of performing these interventions on treatment compliance can be a subject of future study in this area. Also, while there are differences in personality characteristics among cultures, this study investigated Iranian culture more precisely.

Keywords: Opioid full agonists, opioid partial agonists, patient compliance, temperament, buprenorphine, methadone.

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Graphical Abstract

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