Abstract
Consideration and improvement for anxiety and depression are important during a global pandemic. Appropriate healthcare can be obtained by paying more attention to traditional medicinal sciences. The adverse effects of stress with various symptoms can be managed by introducing plants that boost mental health. The most relevant psychological reactions in the general population related to the global pandemic are pervasive anxiety, frustration and boredom, specific and uncontrolled fear, disabling loneliness, significant lifestyle changes, and psychiatric conditions. Ginseng, chamomile, passionflower, herbal tea, lavender, saffron, kava, rose, cardamom, Chinese date, and some chief formula like yokukansan, Dan-zhi-xiao-yao-san, so-ochim-tang-gamiband, and saikokaryukotsuboreito are notable herbal treatments for mental health problems. The most common medicinal plants that have been used in Iran for the cure of stress and anxiety are Viper’s-buglosses, Dracocephalum, valerian, chamomile, common hop, hawthorns, and lavender. Medicinal plants and herbs can be used for the treatment and alleviation of the negative effects of stress, anger, and depression during the global pandemic.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, SARS, human coronaviruses, stress, mental health, traditional herbal medicine.
Graphical Abstract
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cerce-2018-0015]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1706_1337113382]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JMPR2019.6803]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cerce-2018-0008]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v5n3p80]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2019.1606930]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2019.04.007] [PMID: 31193603]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.135] [PMID: 30551365]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2209]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2020.1763448]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2020.1828456]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578X20951431]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2020.1828456]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JMPR2019.6836]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23312025.2019.1673688]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.03.018] [PMID: 32334904]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00298-08] [PMID: 18562531]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2009.09.026] [PMID: 19846189]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.11.009] [PMID: 23174159]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2018.04.007] [PMID: 29872531]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2018.01.019] [PMID: 29427907]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.10.017] [PMID: 26520931]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2016.03.006] [PMID: 26969241]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(92)90089-8] [PMID: 1727608]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2005.11.044] [PMID: 16413043]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2017.05.006] [PMID: 28506792]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.58.6.2268] [PMID: 4298953]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.12.4526] [PMID: 3380803]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/152612] [PMID: 18382647]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000490566] [PMID: 30041172]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1103.040906] [PMID: 15757556]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2008.03.002] [PMID: 18406664]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2010.03.007] [PMID: 20362494]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12985-016-0488-4] [PMID: 26916286]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000188166.17324.60] [PMID: 16378050]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/500136] [PMID: 16447108]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-0934(98)00116-5] [PMID: 9870593]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/viro.1993.1419] [PMID: 8337838]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409465102] [PMID: 15897467]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/357420a0] [PMID: 1350662]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2007.06.016] [PMID: 17669539]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2012.11.016] [PMID: 23178926]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2013.11.030] [PMID: 24418563]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resinv.2019.12.005]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.07.025] [PMID: 23906728]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/129134] [PMID: 22315599]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2006.10.009] [PMID: 17137835]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2011.11.011] [PMID: 22188723]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.06.008] [PMID: 19892213]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2018.12.019] [PMID: 30558861]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2006.05.051] [PMID: 16753150]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1085952] [PMID: 12730500]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.79.4.2079-2086.2005] [PMID: 15681410]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.173.6.4050] [PMID: 15356154]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/1079990041535610] [PMID: 15296649]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004077] [PMID: 24788150]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02146.x] [PMID: 19017309]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.02.050] [PMID: 21439753]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v10i1.1130]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.07.015] [PMID: 27468951]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1045-1870(03)00056-6] [PMID: 12913837]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc1308698] [PMID: 23923992]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2014.08.003] [PMID: 25465252]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2014.06.007] [PMID: 25047726]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2015.203] [PMID: 26409794]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2017.04.024] [PMID: 28729104]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2019.05.032] [PMID: 31307795]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2201.151370] [PMID: 26692003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2018.03.015] [PMID: 29587190]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2014.03.012] [PMID: 24726679]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14760584.2015.1036033] [PMID: 25864502]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.06.003] [PMID: 27312105]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1707304114] [PMID: 28807998]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2020.02.001] [PMID: 32099934]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.01.012] [PMID: 29502886]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2015.06.003] [PMID: 26206723]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.07.022] [PMID: 27459876]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2019.01.005] [PMID: 30659836]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/TH05-05-0335] [PMID: 16113812]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.045] [PMID: 30110630]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2017.08.009] [PMID: 28864360]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2019.101520] [PMID: 31730910]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112953] [PMID: 32302814]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.005] [PMID: 32257431]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.01.003] [PMID: 32017984]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.058]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.018] [PMID: 32112886]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41564-020-0690-4] [PMID: 32071422]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30607-3]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2020.101483]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2020.101672]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2018.12.001]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2020.108099] [PMID: 32811629]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.023] [PMID: 31450135]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2020.105625] [PMID: 32526500]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109723]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2018.07.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2017.11.014]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.10.005]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.053] [PMID: 32250864]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2020.02.006]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2020.105516] [PMID: 32244089]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110130]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2020.07.008] [PMID: 32750485]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.109961]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.12.029]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.11.014]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30078-X] [PMID: 32085839]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481] [PMID: 32299304]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113190] [PMID: 32563745]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.07.010]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102809] [PMID: 32679465]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.033] [PMID: 32658818]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102076] [PMID: 32334409]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.062] [PMID: 32464158]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2012.659516] [PMID: 22348326]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105314544132] [PMID: 25139892]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13548500500429338] [PMID: 17129930]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2016.1275585] [PMID: 28120622]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2020.1736900] [PMID: 32138538]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113138] [PMID: 32562931]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.06.026] [PMID: 32912591]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2020.1790160]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102233] [PMID: 32442880]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10673220902899680] [PMID: 19373619]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10253890.2013.878329] [PMID: 24392966]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1743727X.2018.1462313]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291704002247] [PMID: 15697046]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000145673.84698.18] [PMID: 15564361]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.2008.59.1.91] [PMID: 18182545]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.03.001] [PMID: 19555791]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.335]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110057] [PMID: 32777327]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110102] [PMID: 32224344]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-188] [PMID: 23082896]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112980] [PMID: 32315881]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102077] [PMID: 32315967]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8] [PMID: 32112714]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04413] [PMID: 32760821]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2020.03.002] [PMID: 32292868]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30079-1] [PMID: 32085843]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934] [PMID: 32229390]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100073] [PMID: 32313886]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2009.03.030] [PMID: 19328776]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230548] [PMID: 32191764]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113003] [PMID: 32315885]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112977] [PMID: 32302818]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n3p193] [PMID: 26493432]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100064] [PMID: 32289123]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112956] [PMID: 32315879]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113366] [PMID: 32798932]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100424] [PMID: 32766539]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqh027] [PMID: 15133143]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.185.2.127] [PMID: 15286063]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370404900609] [PMID: 15283534]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v65n0815] [PMID: 15323599]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.56.1.76] [PMID: 15637196]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.12.006] [PMID: 16460760]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.08.020] [PMID: 16650592]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2005.04.007] [PMID: 16168796]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016048] [PMID: 28196409]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3121/cmr.2016.1303] [PMID: 26847480]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.10.003] [PMID: 30343247]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2017.09.006] [PMID: 29413067]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102211] [PMID: 32179380]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30073-0] [PMID: 32085840]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113130] [PMID: 32497969]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112983]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m313] [PMID: 31992552]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2020.100317] [PMID: 32289019]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1286] [PMID: 32229528]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110201] [PMID: 32565592]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954] [PMID: 32325383]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112936] [PMID: 32276196]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.04.019]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105107] [PMID: 32834388]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2020.04.005] [PMID: 32283246]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152191] [PMID: 32688023]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.081] [PMID: 32736186]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113024] [PMID: 32315874]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2020.100877] [PMID: 32501420]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112992] [PMID: 32302816]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102084] [PMID: 32289728]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101132] [PMID: 32379667]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6272(15)30163-1] [PMID: 26742318]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.03.004] [PMID: 29321993]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60201-7] [PMID: 25312147]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6033] [PMID: 29464801]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2018.03.001] [PMID: 31308812]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9600.1000528]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2012.751616] [PMID: 23363070]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.04.016] [PMID: 16002200]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.023] [PMID: 24161284]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.050] [PMID: 26926964]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2017.01.010] [PMID: 29021708]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867414539198] [PMID: 24947278]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00180-5] [PMID: 10930712]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.05.004] [PMID: 16808927]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2009.03.011] [PMID: 19403286]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2011.19.3.274]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00076] [PMID: 29479317]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2018.11.004] [PMID: 30596014]
[PMID: 12652886]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2012.04.005]
[PMID: 7710432]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.884] [PMID: 11507727]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1185/030079903125002603] [PMID: 14741074]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-2952(00)00264-1] [PMID: 10751547]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00186-6] [PMID: 10930722]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/Y07-083] [PMID: 18066140]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0b013e3181ac935c] [PMID: 19593179]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.4677] [PMID: 22451347]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2710.2001.00367.x] [PMID: 11679026]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e318172c3f9] [PMID: 18499602]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1088322] [PMID: 19006051]
[PMID: 19216234]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3181/0902-RM-84] [PMID: 19491371]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-4-12] [PMID: 15341662]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1647] [PMID: 15852492]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.11.004] [PMID: 15707766]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2006.08.006] [PMID: 16979327]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10354-007-0428-4] [PMID: 17704979]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2597] [PMID: 19142981]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0705822] [PMID: 15148244]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.186.2.99] [PMID: 15684231]
[PMID: 18843608]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.10.018] [PMID: 19028540]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jphs.13252FP] [PMID: 24646653]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.08.014] [PMID: 25152298]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130100815] [PMID: 11498727]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0944-7113-00116] [PMID: 12046860]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.039] [PMID: 18755259]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.07.031] [PMID: 19700373]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-013-1129-6] [PMID: 23949198]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.03.028] [PMID: 22469767]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.23.76] [PMID: 10706415]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-310] [PMID: 25149087]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.053] [PMID: 27021688]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000132877.72833.71] [PMID: 15272110]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2712] [PMID: 19165747]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-009-9981-0] [PMID: 19760174]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2005.12.012] [PMID: 17291597]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2007.03.007] [PMID: 17482442]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.04.002] [PMID: 18635155]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22037/IJPR.2010.619]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156587214557359] [PMID: 25416496]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2016.03.016] [PMID: 27261997]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2017.08.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08039480701643290] [PMID: 17990195]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2010.02.002] [PMID: 20378318]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2015.11.013] [PMID: 26776957]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13651501.2017.1417442]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2017.04.012] [PMID: 29348729]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.019] [PMID: 27553978]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11418-012-0666-7] [PMID: 22484603]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061137] [PMID: 28587101]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01945] [PMID: 31431930]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/117739280700200011] [PMID: 21901061]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2007.10.003] [PMID: 18054474]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01038.x] [PMID: 19753680]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881108089872] [PMID: 18515456]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.01.007] [PMID: 19168123]
[PMID: 23493250]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578X0900400226] [PMID: 19370942]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2018.02.005] [PMID: 29526235]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.11.014] [PMID: 30712728]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-979325] [PMID: 9832350]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957502] [PMID: 9776662]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(97)00177-2] [PMID: 9300426]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003383] [PMID: 12535473]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1609] [PMID: 15934028]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2014.10.007]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-3623(87)90037-1] [PMID: 3666400]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.03.023] [PMID: 20347951]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.10.005] [PMID: 16309809]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2018.1543330] [PMID: 31070534]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153012] [PMID: 31301535]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.05.007]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12876] [PMID: 25988847]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12114] [PMID: 23444979]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1875-5364(14)60115-1] [PMID: 25443368]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004714-200012000-00015] [PMID: 11106141]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2006.01.011] [PMID: 16488124]
[PMID: 20677602]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2004.04.004] [PMID: 15261383]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2004.05.024] [PMID: 15464830]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2007.03.018] [PMID: 17477962]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2005.03.014] [PMID: 15894080]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-106971] [PMID: 27433883]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.116] [PMID: 28073098]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(00)80030-6] [PMID: 11194174]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0091-3057(03)00110-2] [PMID: 12895672]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.04.002] [PMID: 21601431]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/jpp.58.9.0013] [PMID: 16945185]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.07.042] [PMID: 17869007]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2008.10.100] [PMID: 19007859]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5382] [PMID: 27279479]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.07.007] [PMID: 22819689]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(02)02199-9] [PMID: 12409146]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2006.12.007] [PMID: 17250881]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.025] [PMID: 27988398]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2017.1285320] [PMID: 28166686]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.039] [PMID: 32795578]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109263] [PMID: 31369988]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/jyp.2019.11.62]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.01.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.01.011] [PMID: 18308492]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.14310/horm.2002.1738] [PMID: 28742505]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2015.1033561] [PMID: 25901731]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9465309] [PMID: 31198431]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2019.280572.294]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.05.040] [PMID: 16046089]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-695X2009000200013]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2009.10.020] [PMID: 20042323]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.08.015] [PMID: 21889562]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2007.11.027] [PMID: 18160026]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.129174] [PMID: 24741277]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-476] [PMID: 25495725]
[PMID: 32523884]
[PMID: 22224093]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05699-7] [PMID: 32778988]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/cmja.10.1.909.1]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2167-0870.1000188] [PMID: 29057164]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2019.02.042] [PMID: 30825591]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2018.10.002] [PMID: 30660371]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.9740/mhc.2017.07.147] [PMID: 29955514]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2016.08.004] [PMID: 27659004]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X15666170823095628] [PMID: 28831921]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272825666211110115656]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.05.016] [PMID: 24974002]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2011.12.005] [PMID: 22440393]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.09.098] [PMID: 17222860]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2004.02.073] [PMID: 15146918]
[PMID: 12834251]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557520666201127104907] [PMID: 33245271]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10019]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40816-021-00255-7]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401317666210222161609]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.7100] [PMID: 33793002]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40816-021-00288-y]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.34302/crpjfst/2021.13.1.9]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612827666210604114411] [PMID: 34086547]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10722-021-01148-x]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103376] [PMID: 32408690]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17512433.2021.1917380] [PMID: 33884948]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb13110816]
[PMID: 33907670]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.01480] [PMID: 31998121]