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Recent Advances in Anti-Infective Drug Discovery

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ISSN (Print): 2772-4344
ISSN (Online): 2772-4352

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Research Article

Trends in Empirical Treatment of Hospitalized Children with Acute Gastroenteritis in Nigeria

Author(s): Ebuka E. David*, Ikechuku O. Igwenyi, Ifeanyichukwu R. Iroha, Chidinma N. David, Precious C. Mbah, Ogochukwu F. Okpala, Nkemdirim U. Ukeh, Oluchukwu Ogbaji, Chinecherem E. Ugwurauma and Goodness C. Chukwuma

Volume 16, Issue 3, 2021

Published on: 24 November, 2021

Page: [237 - 244] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/2772434416666211022155438

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Acute gastroenteritis is a common infectious disease with a high rate of morbidity and mortality in children below five years of age. Appropriate empirical treatment is therefore vital for reducing the incidence of the disease.

Objective: This study aimed at determining the trends in the empirical treatment of hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis.

Methods: The study involved the data analysis of 88 medical folders of children who were diagnosed with gastroenteritis from January to February 2020 (a period of gastroenteritis yearly outbreak) in Mile 4 Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Socio-demographic data and administered antibiotics data were collected.

Results: Out of the 88 children, a total of 54 (61%) children were males, while 34 (39%) were females. The ages of the children ranged between 1-51 months, while the mean age was seen at 14 months. About 58 (66%) were diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis alone, with children aged 7-12 months recording higher numbers [25 (28%)]. Severe dehydration was seen as the most common morbidity of children with acute gastroenteritis. The guardians/parents of these children stayed at home for an average of 3 days (1-6 days) before visiting the hospital. The children were treated for an average of 5 days (2-9 days) in the hospital. The most singly used antibiotics was ciprofloxacin [31 (35%)] followed by a combination of ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone [21 (24%)]. About 12 (14%) of the children were treated using a single dose of the antimalarial drug while 10 (11%) were treated in double combination therapy. The lowest duration in hospitalization (4 days) was seen in the use of a single dose regimen, while the highest hospitalization time (6 days) was seen in the use of a triple dose regimen.

Conclusion: The best empirical treatment of acute gastroenteritis may involve the use of ciprofloxacin alone and its combination with ceftriaxone. The severity of gastroenteritis may also be exacerbated with malaria.

Keywords: Gastroenteritis, empirical treatment, antibiotics, children, malaria, dehydration.

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Graphical Abstract

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