High-dose Everolimus May Induce Pro-inflammatory/Fibrotic Transcriptomic Changes in Bronchial Epithelial Cells from Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Title:High-dose Everolimus May Induce Pro-inflammatory/Fibrotic Transcriptomic Changes in Bronchial Epithelial Cells from Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Volume: 18 Issue: 2

Author(s): Simona Granata, Alberto Verlato, Valentina Masola, Amedeo Carraro, Gloria Santoro, Fabio Sallustio and Gianluigi Zaza*

Affiliation:

• Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University-Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy

Keywords: mTOR-inhibitors, everolimus, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cystic fibrosis, primary bronchial epithelial cells, IL-1 alpha, alpha-SMA.

Abstract: Background: Solid-organ transplantation is an available therapeutic option for Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients without lung transplantation. However, the use of immunosuppressive agents may cause severe adverse events. In particular, patients treated with mTOR-inhibitors (mTOR-I) may aggravate pulmonary complications. It has been recently described that these drugs may induce Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) of the airway cells.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of mTOR-I on primary bronchial epithelial cells carrying F508del.

Materials and Methods: Human bronchial epithelial cells homozygous for F508del were treated with 5 and 100 nM EVE for 24 hours, and their RNA was extracted and hybridized to the Human HT-12 v3 Expression BeadChip (Illumina). The microarray results were validated by Real-Time PCR. The transepithelial resistance was measured by a Millicell-ERS ohmmeter.

Results: High dosage EVE induced a significant up-regulation of 48 genes and a down-regulation of 14 genes. After pathway analysis by GSEA, we found that most of them were implicated in the inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways. Real-time PCR confirmed that 100 nM EVE was able to upregulate some identified genes (IL-1alpha, IL-8, Pim-1) as well as pro-fibrotic elements (alpha-SMA, connective tissue growth factor, and metalloproteinase-12). In addition, a high dosage of EVE was also able to reduce transepithelial resistance. In contrast, a lower level of EVE did not produce similar effects.

Conclusions: Although performed , our study suggested that in solid organ transplant recipients with CF without a lung transplant, mTOR-I should be used at a low dosage to reduce its contribution to pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis.

Cite this article as:

Granata Simona , Verlato Alberto , Masola Valentina , Carraro Amedeo , Santoro Gloria , Sallustio Fabio and Zaza Gianluigi *, High-dose Everolimus May Induce Pro-inflammatory/Fibrotic Transcriptomic Changes in Bronchial Epithelial Cells from Cystic Fibrosis Patients, Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine 2021; 18 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875692118666210525150645