Abstract
Background and Objective: In order to investigate the effect of electric L-category vehicles (EL-Vs) on traffic characteristics of urban roads, fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, existing technologies including traffic characteristics, vehicle performance, etc. were used.
Methods: The relations among traffic density, traffic flow, and traffic speeds were reviewed based on the real test data in different areas.
Results: One of the test data was chosen to get the mathematical equations between traffic density and traffic speed for congested urban roads.
Conclusion: Then, the equations were used to estimate the reductions in the vehicle fuel consumption and exhaust emissions brought by the improved traffic situation due to the applications of ELVs.
Keywords: L-category vehicles, congestion, average speed, fuel consumption, vehicle emissions, traffic flow.
Graphical Abstract