Generic placeholder image

Coronaviruses

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2666-7967
ISSN (Online): 2666-7975

Mini-Review Article

Can Cannabinoids Suppress the Cytokines Cascade in Patients with Coronavirus Disease COVID-19? A Mini-Review

Author(s): Hanane Zaki* and Mohammed Bouachrine

Volume 2, Issue 2, 2021

Published on: 15 September, 2020

Page: [187 - 192] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/2666796701999200915144255

Price: $65

Abstract

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, started in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and became a global pandemic. According to WHO, more than fourteen million cases were reported and thousands of casualties worldwide (until July 18, 2020). Most of the COVID-19 patients have symptoms such as fever, tiredness, and dry cough. Some people may also experience body aches, nasal congestion, a runny nose, and diarrhea. So far, doctors have been using treatment to relieve symptoms and give patients' immune systems time to regain control of this virus. Many studies have highlighted the important role of cytokine cascades in the death rate in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, inhibition of this phenomenon has become a very important target in the clinical management of this disease. With this idea, in this mini-review, we will focus on the potential role of cannabinoids in the suppression of cytokines cascades in patients with COVID-19 and their importance in the clinical management of this disease.

Keywords: Cannabinoids, THC, CBD, cytokines, COVID-19, SARS-COV-2.

[1]
Yang Y, Peng F, Wang R, et al. The deadly coronaviruses: the 2003 SARS pandemic and the 2020 novel coronavirus epidemic in China. J Autoimmun 2020; 109102434
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102434] [PMID: 32143990]
[2]
Khan S, El Morabet R, Khan RA, et al. Where we missed? Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) epidemiology in Saudi Arabia; 2012-2019. Sci Total Environ 2020; 747141369
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141369] [PMID: 32791417]
[3]
Contini C, Di Nuzzo M, Barp N, et al. The novel zoonotic COVID-19 pandemic: an expected global health concern. J Infect Dev Ctries 2020; 14(3): 254-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12671] [PMID: 32235085]
[4]
World Health Organization. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Situation Reports. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports
[5]
Costanzo M, De Giglio MAR, Roviello GN. SARS-CoV-2: recent reports on antiviral therapies based on lopinavir/ritonavir, darunavir/umifenovir, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, favipiravir and other drugs for the treatment of the new coronavirus. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27(27): 4536-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867327666200416131117] [PMID: 32297571]
[6]
Kuca K. The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in China and World: a new lesson for public health system. Lett Drug Des Discov 2020; 17(4): 364-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157018081704200310125801]
[7]
Sivaraman D, Pradeep PS, Manoharan SS, Bhat CR, Leela KV, Venugopal V. Current strategies and approaches in combating SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19. Lett Drug Des Discov 2020; 17(5): 672-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157018081705200403092546]
[8]
Liu N-N, Tan J-C, Li J, Li S, Cai Y, Wang H. COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences in China and implications for its prevention and treatment worldwide. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20(6): 410-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009620666200414151419] [PMID: 32286947]
[9]
Mourouzis K, Oikonomou E, Siasos G, et al. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in acute coronary syndromes. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26(36): 4624-47.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200413082353] [PMID: 32282296]
[10]
Liang T. Handbook of COVID-19 prevention and treatment. China: The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine 2020.
[11]
Moore JB, June CH. Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19. Science 2020; 368(6490): 473-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abb8925] [PMID: 32303591]
[12]
Mandel M, Harari G, Gurevich M, Achiron A. Cytokine prediction of mortality in COVID19 patients. Cytokine 2020; 134155190
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155190] [PMID: 32673995]
[13]
Boretti A, Banik BK. Intravenous vitamin C for reduction of cytokines storm in acute respiratory distress syndrome. PharmaNutrition 2020; 12100190
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100190] [PMID: 32322486]
[14]
Langer-Gould A, Smith JB, Gonzales EG, et al. Early identification of COVID-19 cytokine storm and treatment with anakinra or tocilizumab. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 99: 291-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.07.081] [PMID: 32768693]
[15]
Jawaid Akhtar M. COVID19 inhibitors: A prospective therapeutics. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101104027
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104027] [PMID: 32629280]
[16]
Babalonis S, Walsh SL. Therapeutic potential of opioid/cannabinoid combinations in humans: review of the evidence. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 36: 206-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.03.002] [PMID: 32273144]
[17]
Maselli DB, Camilleri M. Pharmacology, clinical effects, and therapeutic potential of cannabinoids for gastrointestinal and liver diseases. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; S1542-3565(20): 30504-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.04.020] [PMID: 32673642]
[18]
Ingold F-R, Sueur C, Kaplan C. Contribution à Une Exploration Des Propriétés Thérapeutiques Du Cannabis 2015.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amp.2015.04.001]
[19]
Pollastro F, Minassi A, Fresu LG. Cannabis phenolics and their bioactivities. Curr Med Chem 2018; 25(10): 1160-85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170810164636] [PMID: 28799497]
[20]
Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. Cell 2020; 181(2): 271-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052] [PMID: 32142651]
[21]
Sun P, Lu X, Xu C, Sun W, Pan B. Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence. J Med Virol 2020; 92(6): 548-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25722] [PMID: 32096567]
[22]
Glebov OO. Understanding SARS-CoV-2 endocytosis for COVID-19 drug repurposing. FEBS J 2020; 287(17): 3664-71.
[23]
Park SE. Epidemiology, virology, and clinical features of severe acute respiratory syndrome -coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus Disease-19). Clin Exp Pediatr 2020; 63(4): 119-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/cep.2020.00493] [PMID: 32252141]
[24]
COVID-19. Predicted Immune responses Available from: https://www.invivogen.com/spotlight-covid-19-predicted-immune-responses
[25]
Law HK, Cheung CY, Sia SF, Chan YO, Peiris JS, Lau YL. Toll-like receptors, chemokine receptors and death receptor ligands responses in SARS coronavirus infected human monocyte derived dendritic cells. BMC Immunol 2009; 10: 35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2172-10-35] [PMID: 19505311]
[26]
Wang Y, Liu L. The membrane protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus functions as a novel cytosolic pathogen-associated molecular pattern to promote beta interferon induction via a toll-like-receptor-related TRAF3-independent mechanism. MBio 2016; 7(1): e01872-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01872-15] [PMID: 26861016]
[27]
Durai P, Batool M, Shah M, Choi S. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: transmission, virology and therapeutic targeting to aid in outbreak control. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47(8): e181-.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/emm.2015.76] [PMID: 26315600]
[28]
Shah A. Novel coronavirus-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation: A potential drug target in the treatment of COVID-19. Front Immunol 2020; 11: 1021.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01021] [PMID: 32574259]
[29]
Ratajczak MZ, Kucia M. SARS-CoV-2 infection and overactivation of Nlrp3 inflammasome as a trigger of cytokine “storm” and risk factor for damage of hematopoietic stem cells. Leukemia 2020; 34(7): 1726-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41375-020-0887-9] [PMID: 32483300]
[30]
Theobald S J, Simonis A, Kreer C, et al. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein primes inflammasome-mediated interleukin-1- beta secretion in COVID-19 patient-derived macrophages. Preprint 2020; 2020; 1
[31]
Risitano AM, Mastellos DC, Huber-Lang M, et al. Complement as a target in COVID-19? Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20(6): 343-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41577-020-0320-7] [PMID: 32327719]
[32]
Qin C, Zhou L, Hu Z, et al. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan China Clin Infect Dis 2020; 2020ciaa248
[33]
Shi Y, Wang Y, Shao C, et al. COVID-19 infection: The perspectives on immune responses. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27(5): 1451-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41418-020-0530-3] [PMID: 32205856]
[34]
Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. J Autoimmun 2020; 109102433
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433] [PMID: 32113704]
[35]
Yoshikawa T, Hill T, Li K, Peters CJ, Tseng C-TK. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-induced lung epithelial cytokines exacerbate SARS pathogenesis by modulating intrinsic functions of monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells. J Virol 2009; 83(7): 3039-48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01792-08] [PMID: 19004938]
[36]
Mak TW, Saunders ME. The immune response: Basic and clinical principles. Academic Press 2005.
[37]
Sun X, Wang T, Cai D, et al. Cytokine storm intervention in the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 53: 38-42.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.04.002] [PMID: 32360420]
[38]
Yap JKY, Moriyama M, Iwasaki A. Inflammasomes and pyroptosis as therapeutic targets for COVID-19. J Immunol 2020; 205(2): 307-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2000513] [PMID: 32493814]
[39]
Selders GS, Fetz AE, Radic MZ, Bowlin GL. An overview of the role of neutrophils in innate immunity, inflammation and host-biomaterial integration. Regen Biomater 2017; 4(1): 55-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rb/rbw041] [PMID: 28149530]
[40]
Taghizadeh-Hesary F, Akbari H. The powerful immune system against powerful COVID-19: A hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2020; 140109762
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109762] [PMID: 32388390]
[41]
Chen Y, Liu Q, Guo D. Emerging coronaviruses: Genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis. J Med Virol 2020; 92(4): 418-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25681] [PMID: 31967327]
[42]
Mehta P, McAuley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall RS, Manson JJ. COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet 2020; 395(10229): 1033-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30628-0] [PMID: 32192578]
[43]
Parks JM, Smith JC. How to discover antiviral drugs quickly. N Engl J Med 2020; 382: 2261-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcibr2007042]
[44]
Xu X, Han M, Li T, et al. Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2020; 117(20): 10970-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2005615117] [PMID: 32350134]
[45]
Sarzi-Puttini P, Giorgi V, Sirotti S, et al. COVID-19, cytokines and immunosuppression: what can we learn from severe acute respiratory syndrome? Clin Exp Rheumatol 2020; 38(2): 337-42.
[PMID: 32202240]
[46]
Fan E, Beitler JR, Brochard L, et al. COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome: is a different approach to management warranted? Lancet Respir Med 2020; 8(8): 816-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30304-0] [PMID: 32645311]
[47]
Howlett AC, Abood ME. CB1 and CB2 Receptor Pharmacology. Adv Pharmacol 2017; 80: 169-206.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.apha.2017.03.007] [PMID: 28826534]
[48]
Russo S, De Azevedo WF. Advances in the understanding of the cannabinoid receptor 1 - Focusing on the inverse agonists interactions. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26(10): 1908-19.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666180417165247] [PMID: 29667549]
[49]
Überall MA. A Review of Scientific Evidence for THC:CBD Oromucosal Spray (Nabiximols) in the Management of Chronic Pain. J Pain Res 2020; 13: 399-410.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S240011] [PMID: 32104061]
[50]
Reiss CS. Cannabinoids and viral infections. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2010; 3(6): 1873-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph3061873] [PMID: 20634917]
[51]
Watkins AR. Cannabinoid interactions with ion channels and receptors. Channels (Austin) 2019; 13(1): 162-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19336950.2019.1615824] [PMID: 31088312]
[52]
Kelley N, Jeltema D, Duan Y, He Y. The NLRP3 inflammasome: An overview of mechanisms of activation and regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20(13)E3328
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133328] [PMID: 31284572]
[53]
Zhou Y, Xue S, Yang JJ. Calcium and Viruses Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins. New York, NY: Springer 2013; pp. 415-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_58]
[54]
Bannenberg GL, Chiang N, Ariel A, et al. Molecular circuits of resolution: Formation and actions of resolvins and protectins. J Immunol Baltim Md 2005; 174(7): 4345-55.
[55]
Machado FS, Johndrow JE, Esper L, et al. Anti-inflammatory actions of lipoxin A4 and aspirin-triggered lipoxin are SOCS-2 dependent. Nat Med 2006; 12(3): 330-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1355] [PMID: 16415877]
[56]
Morita M, Yoshiki F, Nakane A, Okubo Y, Kudo Y. Receptor- and calcium-dependent induced inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate increases in PC12h cells as shown by fluorescence resonance energy transfer imaging. FEBS J 2007; 274(19): 5147-57.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06035.x] [PMID: 17850333]
[57]
Alvania RS, Chen X, Ginty DD. Calcium signals control Wnt-dependent dendrite growth. Neuron 2006; 50(6): 813-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2006.06.001] [PMID: 16772162]
[58]
Mellgren RL. Calcium-dependent proteases: An enzyme system active at cellular membranes? FASEB J 1987; 1(2): 110-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.1.2.2886390] [PMID: 2886390]
[59]
Hua T, Vemuri K, Pu M, et al. Crystal structure of the human cannabinoid receptor CB1. Cell 2016; 167(3): 750-762.e14.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.10.004] [PMID: 27768894]
[60]
Picchianti Diamanti A, Rosado MM, Pioli C, Sesti G, Laganà B. Cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19 patients, A new scenario for an old concern: The fragile balance between infections and autoimmunity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21(9): 3330.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093330] [PMID: 32397174]
[61]
Tufan A, Avanoğlu Güler A, Matucci-Cerinic M. COVID-19, immune system response, hyperinflammation and repurposing antirheumatic drugs. Turk J Med Sci 2020; 50(SI-1): 620-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/sag-2004-168] [PMID: 32299202]
[62]
Freeman TL, Swartz TH. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in severe COVID-19. Front Immunol 2020; 11: 1518.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01518] [PMID: 32655582]
[63]
Skelley JW, Deas CM, Curren Z, Ennis J. Use of cannabidiol in anxiety and anxiety-related disorders. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2020; 60(1): 253-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2019.11.008] [PMID: 31866386]
[64]
Coetzee C, Levendal R-A, van de Venter M, Frost CL. Anticoagulant effects of a Cannabis extract in an obese rat model. Phytomedicine 2007; 14(5): 333-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2006.02.004] [PMID: 16644197]
[65]
Mishra AK, Sahu KK, Lal A, Sargent J. Mechanisms of stroke and the role of anticoagulants in COVID-19. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 119(11): 1721-2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.06.026] [PMID: 32605735]
[66]
Mishra AK, Sahu KK, George AA, Sargent J, Lal A. Cerebrovascular events in COVID-19 patients. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2020; 90(2)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2020.1341] [PMID: 32527073]
[67]
Bikdeli B, Madhavan MV, Jimenez D, et al. COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: Implications for prevention, Antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up: JACC state-of-the-art review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75(23): 2950-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.04.031] [PMID: 32311448]
[68]
Russell B, Moss C, Rigg A, Van Hemelrijck M. COVID-19 and Treatment with NSAIDs and Corticosteroids: Should we be limiting their use in the clinical setting? Ecancermedicalscience 2020; 14: 1023.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2020.1023]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy