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Review Article

二甲双胍:从血糖控制到治疗阿尔茨海默病和抑郁症的成长之旅

卷 28, 期 12, 2021

发表于: 08 September, 2020

页: [2328 - 2345] 页: 18

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867327666200908114902

价格: $65

摘要

代谢应激作为细胞氧化还原和能量状态改变的转导，是包括糖尿病在内的许多疾病的主要罪魁祸首。然而，其在神经疾病病理中的作用仍未完全阐明。二甲双胍是一种双胍类化合物，是FDA批准的抗糖尿病药物，通常用于治疗2型糖尿病。最近描述的广泛的行动范围内执行这种药物暗示了潜在的治疗好处，在一套紊乱。目前的研究表明，二甲双胍除了伴随阿尔茨海默病(AD)和抑郁症发作的认知和行为改变外，还可以通过逆转脑损伤的特征(代谢功能障碍、神经元营养不良和细胞损失)发挥神经保护作用。然而，二甲双胍在神经退行性疾病中发挥保护作用的机制尚未完全阐明。这篇综述的目的是重新研究二甲双胍发挥其功能的机制，同时集中研究其在代谢紊乱环境中重建稳态的作用。我们还将强调代谢应激的重要性，它不仅是许多神经疾病的组成部分，而且是神经损伤的主要驱动力。有趣的是，我们将探讨代谢应激在AD和抑郁症的病理生物学中的参与。我们将探索主要代谢通路，包括AMPK、胰岛素和葡萄糖转运体的紊乱，并暴露二甲双胍给药对这类代谢依赖疾病脑损伤逆转的潜在治疗作用。

关键词: 代谢应激，二甲双胍，阿尔茨海默病，抑郁症，AMPK通路，胰岛素，葡萄糖转运体

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