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Current Nutrition & Food Science

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ISSN (Print): 1573-4013
ISSN (Online): 2212-3881

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Research Article

Study of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents: Association between Intake of Vitamins A and E and Lipid Profile

Author(s): Luiza M.F. de Carvalho, Layonne de Sousa Carvalho*, Claudiane B. de Sousa, Jessica B. Beserra, Suzana M.R.S. da Paz and Marize M. dos Santos

Volume 17, Issue 3, 2021

Published on: 02 August, 2020

Page: [321 - 327] Pages: 7

DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999200802182509

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The diet of Brazilian adolescents is characterized by high intake of fats and sugars and low consumption of antioxidant micronutrients, particularly vitamins A and E. In addition to dietary inadequacies, a significant number of these adolescents present changes in plasma lipoproteins, which may be caused by environmental and lifestyle factors.

Objective: To investigate the association between inadequate intake of vitamins A and E and changes in plasma lipoprotein concentrations in Brazilian adolescents.

Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter, school-based, nationwide study with 37,023 Brazilian adolescents aged 12 to 17 years were included. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, vitamin A and E intake, and lipid and anthropometric profile were collected. The Student’s t-test was used to compare means and a logistic regression to verify associations; analyses were conducted in the STATA software version 14.0. The study was approved by the Ethics Committees of the participating institutions and all participants signed an Assent Form.

Results: The average vitamin A intake was higher among boys, but consumption below recommendation was found in both sexes. Inadequate intake of vitamins A and E was associated with a higher risk of low HDL-c levels in male and public school adolescents. Low vitamin E intake was associated with a higher risk of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in Brazilian adolescents.

Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamins A and E among Brazilian adolescents and data suggesting associations between low intake of these micronutrients and changes in plasma lipoprotein concentrations in this public.

Keywords: Vitamin A deficiency, Vitamin E deficiency, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, elevated cholesterol, adolescent.

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Graphical Abstract

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