摘要
背景:生物材料作为生物医学和医药应用所必需的天然成分的丰富和可再生资源,尚未得到充分的开发。壳聚糖是从几丁质中提取的天然多糖,近年来因其优异的活性而受到广泛关注。本文综述了壳聚糖的提取和改性方法,并介绍了壳聚糖材料的合成和生物应用的最新进展。 方法:通过查阅近十年的研究文献,综述了近年来壳聚糖类功能性生物材料的研究进展,并将其分为壳聚糖的提取方法、壳聚糖的化学改性方法及壳聚糖类生物材料的研究进展。 结果:壳聚糖的化学改性拓宽了其应用领域,开发了多种性能优良的壳聚糖基材料。壳聚糖材料优良的生物活性使其在生物医学领域具有潜在的应用前景。 结论:壳聚糖材料不仅表现出壳聚糖的优良活性,而且还表现出复合材料的其他优良性能,甚至赋予壳聚糖与复合材料良好的协同性能。进一步的研究需要确定理想的物理化学性质壳聚糖为每种类型的生物医学应用。开发各种功能性壳聚糖基生物材料将是一个重要的研究领域,该类材料具有重要的商业价值。
关键词: 壳聚糖,壳聚糖基材料,化学改性,生物医学,生物应用,生物材料。
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