Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Women`s Health Reviews

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4048
ISSN (Online): 1875-6581

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

The Effect of Skin Contact on Maternal-infant Attachment Behaviors in Emotional, Proximity-seeking, and Caretaking Dimensions in Planned and Unplanned Pregnancies in 2017, Iran: A Research

Author(s): Tahere Eslaminia, Maasumeh Kaviani and Marzieh Akbarzadeh*

Volume 16, Issue 3, 2020

Page: [206 - 213] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1573404816666200219102513

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Unplanned pregnancy is a potential danger for women’s lives in the reproduction ages.

Objective: The present study aimed to compare planned and unplanned pregnancies regarding the maternal-infant attachment behaviors in emotional, proximity-seeking, and caretaking dimensions.

Methods: The present analytical case-control study was conducted on 140 women who had given birth to their children in the hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2017. The participants were divided into planned and unplanned pregnancy groups. Within the first hour and 24 hours after birth, the babies were put naked in skin-to-skin contact with their mothers for 15 minutes and the study questionnaire was completed. The data were collected using the Avant checklist. P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results: The mean score of attachment in the early hours was 84.22±12.59 in the planned pregnancy group and 74.28±15.81 in the unplanned pregnancy group, and the difference was statistically significant (p˂0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in this regard after 24 hours (p=0.122). Additionally, the results revealed a significant difference between the two groups concerning emotional (p˂0.001) and caretaking (p=0.007) behaviors. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the three behaviors after 24 hours. Emotional (talking and smiling, p=0.001), proximity-seeking (circling one’s arms around the baby, p=0.001), and caretaking (paying attention to the baby, p=0.001) behaviors were significantly more observed in the two groups in the early hours and the first 24 hours.

Conclusions: Mother’s skin-to-skin contact with her baby during lactation increased attachment in unplanned pregnancies after 24 hours.

Keywords: Attachment, skin, contact, unplanned, pregnancy, emotion, behavior, proximity.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Zeraati H, Nasimi F, Shahinfar J, Milan Delaiee M, Momenizadeh A, Barfidokht A. The effect of family-centered care program on maternal attachment in mothers of premature infants. JBUMS 2017; 19(6): 7-22.
[2]
Darvishvand M, Rahebi SM, Bostani Khalesi Z. Factors related to maternal-infant attachment. Shiraz E Med J 2018; 19(12) e80369
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/semj.80369]
[3]
Karimi FZ, Khadivzadeh T, Saeidi M, Bagheri S. The effect of kangaroo mother care immediately after delivery on mother-infant attachment 3 months after delivery. Int J Pediatr 2016; 4(9): 3561-70.
[4]
Sullivan R, Perry R, Sloan A, Kleinhaus K, Burtchen N. Infant bonding and attachment to the caregiver: insights from basic and clinical science. Clin Perinatol 2011; 38(4): 643-55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clp.2011.08.011] [PMID: 22107895]
[5]
Akbarzadeh M, Dokuhaki A, Joker A, Pishva N, Zare N. Teaching attachment behaviors to pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial of effects on infant mental health from birth to the age of three months. Ann Saudi Med 2016; 36(3): 175-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2016.175] [PMID: 27236388]
[6]
Dokuhaki A, Akbarzadeh M, Pishava N, Zare N. A study of the effect of training pregnant women about attachment skills on infants’ motor development indices at birth to four months. Family Med Primary Care Rev 2017; 2(2): 114-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2017.67864]
[7]
Toosi M, Akbarzadeh M, Zare N, Sharif F. Comparison of the effects of attachment behavior and relaxation training on maternal fetal attachment and infant in prime pregnant women. JFMH 2014; 16(62): 9-142.
[8]
Feldman R. Oxytocin and social affiliation in humans. Horm Behav 2012; 61(3): 380-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.01.008] [PMID: 22285934]
[9]
Moore ER, Anderson GC, Bergman N, Dowswell T. Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 5(5) CD003519
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003519.pub3] [PMID: 22592691]
[10]
Adeli M, Azmoudeh E. Influential factors of mother-infant skin-to-skin contact based on the precede-proceed model from the perspective of midwives in Torbat Heydariyeh hospitals. J Midwifery Reprod Health 2016; 4(3): 644-53.
[11]
khadivzadeh T, Karimi FZ, Tara F, Bagheri S. The effect of postpartum mother–infant skin-to-skin contact on exclusive breastfeeding in neonatal period: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Pediatr 2017; 5(7): 5409-17.
[12]
Bera A, Ghosh J, Singh AK, Hazra A, Som T, Munian D. Effect of kangaroo mother care on vital physiological parameters of the low birth weight newborn. Indian J Community Med 2014; 39(4): 245-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.143030] [PMID: 25364150]
[13]
Adeli M, Aradmehr M. A comparative study of maternal-neonate abdominal and kangaroo (skin-to-skin) skin contact immediately after birth on maternal attachment behaviors up to 2 months. J Educ Health Promot 2018; 7: 42.
[PMID: 29619393]
[14]
Sayahi Y, Javadifar N, Cheraghian B, Sayahi M, Afshari P. The relationship between unwanted pregnancy with mother and father attachment to infant. Shiraz E Med J 2017; 18(12) e14066
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/semj.14066]
[15]
Singh S, Sedgh G, Hussain R. Unintended pregnancy: worldwide levels, trends, and outcomes. Stud Fam Plann 2010; 41(4): 241-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4465.2010.00250.x] [PMID: 21465725]
[16]
Asadi Sarvestani K, Ahmadi A, Enayat H, Movahed M. Level and Factors Related to Unintended Pregnancy with a Brief Review of New Population Policies in Iran. Iran J Public Health 2017; 46(7): 973-81.
[PMID: 28845409]
[17]
Finer LB, Zolna MR. Declines in unintended pregnancy in the United States, 2008–2011. N Engl J Med 2016; 374(9): 843-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsa1506575] [PMID: 26962904]
[18]
Khajehpour M, Simbar M, Jannesari S, Ramezani-Tehrani F, Majd HA. Health status of women with intended and unintended pregnancies. Public Health 2013; 127(1): 58-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2012.08.011] [PMID: 23200101]
[19]
Herd P, Higgins J, Sicinski K, Merkurieva I. The implications of unintended pregnancies for mental health in later life. Am J Public Health 2016; 106(3): 421-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302973] [PMID: 26691118]
[20]
Akbarzadeh M, Yazdanpanahi Z, Zarshenas L, Sharif F. The women’s perceptions about unwanted pregnancy: A qualitative study in Iran. Glob J Health Sci 2015; 8(5): 189-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n5p189] [PMID: 26652070]
[21]
Bahk J, Yun S-C, Kim YM, Khang Y-H. Impact of unintended pregnancy on maternal mental health: a causal analysis using follow up data of the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC). BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2015; 15: 85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0505-4] [PMID: 25881099]
[22]
Dokuhaki S, Heidary M, Akbarzadeh M. Investigation of the effect of training attachment behaviors to pregnant mothers on some physical indicators of their infants from birth to three months based on the separation of male and female infants. Pediatr Neonatol 2019; 60(3): 324-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2018.08.002] [PMID: 30201446]
[23]
Khoramrody R. The effect of mothers touch on maternal fetal attachment Tehran: Iran University of Medical Sciences 2000 Theses in Persian
[24]
Gribble KD. Mental health, attachment and breastfeeding: implications for adopted children and their mothers. Int Breastfeed J 2006; 1(1): 5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4358-1-5] [PMID: 16722597]
[25]
Karimi A, Tara F, Khadivzadeh T, Sharbaf A, Reza H. The effect of skin to skin contact immediately after delivery on the maternal attachment and anxiety regarding infant. IJOGI 2013; 16(67): 7-15.
[26]
Vakilian K, Khatamidoost F, Khorsandi M. Effect of Kangaroo mother care on maternal attachment behavior before. BJHUMC 2007; 11(1): 57-63.
[27]
Valizadeh L, Ajoodaniyan N, Namnabati M, Zamanzadeh V. Nurses’ viewpoint about the impact of Kangaroo mother care on the mother–infant attachment. J Neonatal Nurs 2013; 19(1): 38-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnn.2012.05.004]
[28]
Toosi M, Akbarzadeh M, Ghaemi Z. The effect of relaxation on mother’s anxiety and maternal–fetal attachment in primiparous IVF mothers. J Natl Med Assoc 2017; 109(3): 164-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2017.03.002] [PMID: 28987245]
[29]
Setodeh S, Pourahmad S, Akbarzadeh M. A study of the efficacy of fathers’ attachment training on paternal-fetal attachment and parental anxiety. Family Med Primary Care Rev 2017; 19(4): 393-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2017.70814]
[30]
Setodeh S, Sharif F, Akbarzadeh M. The impact of paternal attachment training skills on the extent of maternal neonatal attachment in primiparous women: a clinical trial. Family Med Primary Care Rev 2018; 20(1): 47-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2018.73703]
[31]
Feldman R, Gordon I, Schneiderman I, Weisman O, Zagoory-Sharon O. Natural variations in maternal and paternal care are associated with systematic changes in oxytocin following parent-infant contact. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2010; 35(8): 1133-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.01.013] [PMID: 20153585]
[32]
Taffazoli M, Asadi MM, Aminyazdi SA, Shakeri MT. The relationship between maternal-fetal attachment and mother-infant attachment behaviors in primiparous women referring to Mashhad health care centers. J Midwifery Reprod Health 2015; 3(2): 318-27.
[33]
Jefferies AL. Canadian Paediatric Society, Fetus and Newborn Committee. Kangaroo care for the preterm infant and family. Paediatr Child Health 2012; 17(3): 141-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/17.3.141] [PMID: 23449885]
[34]
Robabi H, Sarani H, Azarkish F, Dastfan Z, Dashipoor A. The survey of factors associated with unwanted pregnancy among women referringto health care centers of Iranshahr in 2007. IJOGI 2011; 14(4): 32-40.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
3
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy