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Review Article

BRCA突变状态是三阴性乳腺癌中铂类化疗的有前途的预测生物标志物

卷 21, 期 10, 2020

页: [962 - 973] 页: 12

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450121666200203162541

价格: $65

摘要

三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）可通过缺乏雌激素受体（ER），孕激素受体（PR）以及人类表皮生长因子受体2（HER2）的表达而与其他乳腺恶性肿瘤区分开。 TNBC与不良的临床结果和高转移风险相关。当前，一些临床和转化报告集中在针对这种侵袭性癌症开发靶向疗法。除了批准的靶向药物（例如聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶抑制剂（PARPi）和免疫检查点抑制剂）外，基于铂的化学疗法仍是TNBC的基础治疗选择。但是，尽管在TNBC中观察到铂类化学疗法的预后有所改善，但是仍然有很大一部分患者对该治疗无反应，因此，仍需要预测性生物标志物对TNBC患者进行分层，从而避免这些药物的不良毒性代理商。随着基因检测的出现，最近的一些研究表明，TNBC患者的乳腺癌易感基因（BRCA）突变是重要的预后指标。这些突变改变了导致基因组不稳定的同源重组修复（HRR）机制。因此，这些强抗癌药诱导的脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）损伤可增强细胞死亡，从而可以解释TNBC患者亚群对铂类治疗的敏感性。通过本文，我们回顾了有关该主题的最新研究，以更好地了解其机制，并讨论了BRCA突变状态作为TNBC中铂类化学疗法的预测生物标志物的潜力。

关键词: 三阴性乳腺癌，BRCA1，BRCA2，铂类，化疗，预测生物标志物。

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