Abstract
Background: Nano-photocatalysis through semiconductor-based materials has become an emerging and eye-catching approach for detoxification of hazardous heavy metals in the aqueous environment.
Methods: In this article, photocatalysis, being a green technique along with several other detoxification technologies for toxic heavy metals, has been reviewed.
Furthermore, the adverse effects of heavy metals on human health, agricultural lands, environment, and aquatic systems were investigated. Toxic heavy-metals contribute to numerous environmental issues based on their toxicity.
Result: Various types of photocatalysts have been discussed in recent literature for the detoxification of heavy metals. The recycling of photocatalysts may be anticipated as a worthy method for wastewater treatment which is also discussed with recent examples.
Conclusion: Moreover, it concludes with efficiency, challenges and new future perspectives for heavy metal detoxification using photocatalysis.
Keywords: Detoxification, efficient removal, environmental issues, heavy metals, nano-photocatalysis, treatment technologies.
Graphical Abstract
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