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General Review Article

中药中草药和保健食品具有镇痛作用的天然产物

卷 20, 期 6, 2020

页: [461 - 483] 页: 23

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1566524019666191205111937

价格: $65

摘要

背景：疼痛是最常见的临床症状之一。这篇综述旨在描述有关草药及其有效成分治疗疼痛的研究，并为镇痛中药（TCM）的开发和利用提供有价值的参考。 材料与方法：文献检索于1995年至2016年10月进行，涉及与中医疼痛治疗有关的相关研究。从中药中提取的具有镇痛作用的活性成分被归纳为六类，包括多糖，皂苷，生物碱，类黄酮，萜类和其他成分。 结果：构成中药止痛机制的途径有两种：中枢神经系统和周围神经系统。前一种途径包括增加内源性镇痛物质（如鸦片肽）的含量，减少神经递质（如一氧化氮）的第二信使，减少脑组织中前列腺素E2（PGE2）的含量，阻断中央钙通道，减少兴奋性脑组织中的氨基酸，抑制其受体并提高中央5-羟色胺（5-HT）的含量。后一种通常涉及外周促藻药的分泌减少，疼痛敏感物质的诱导，局部促藻药的积累，外周内源性镇痛药释放的增加以及c-Fos基因的调节（立即早期基因）。

关键词: 中药，有效成分，止痛，镇痛，药理作用机理。

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