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Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 1573-4064
ISSN (Online): 1875-6638

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Research Article

Improvement of the Anticancer Activity of Chlorambucil and Ibuprofen via Calix[4]arene Conjugates

Author(s): Luis D. Pedro-Hernández, Ulises Organista-Mateos, Luis I. Allende-Alarcón, Elena Martínez-Klimova*, Teresa Ramírez-Ápan and Marcos Martínez-García

Volume 16, Issue 7, 2020

Page: [984 - 990] Pages: 7

DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666190826162339

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: One of the possible ways of improving the activity and selectivity profile of anticancer agents is to design drug carrier systems employing nanomolecules. Calix[4]arene derivatives and chlorambucil and ibuprofen are important compounds that exhibit interesting anticancer properties.

Objective: The objective of this article is the synthesis of new calix[4]arene-derivative conjugates of chlorambucil or ibuprofen with potential anticancer activity.

Methods: Cytotoxicity assays were determined using the protein-binding dye sulforhodamine B (SRB) in microculture to measure cell growth as described [19, 20]. Conjugates of chlorambucil and resorcinarene-dendrimers were prepared in 2% DMSO and added into the culture medium immediately before use. Control cells were treated with 2% DMSO.

Results: Thus, calix[4]arene-derivative conjugates of chlorambucil or ibuprofen showed good stability of the chemical link between drug and spacer. Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the calix[4]arene chlorambucil or ibuprofen conjugates employing a sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay in K-562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells) and U-251 (human glioblastoma cells) demonstrated that the conjugate was more potent as an antiproliferative agent than free chlorambucil and ibuprofen. The conjugates did not show any activity against the COS-7 African green monkey kidney fibroblast cell line.

Conclusion: In the paper, we report the synthesis and spectroscopic analyses of new calix[4]arene derivative conjugates of chlorambucil or ibuprofen. Cytotoxicity assays revealed that at 10 μM, the conjugates were very active against K-562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells) and U- 251 (human glioblastoma cells) cancer cells' proliferation. In order to explain the molecular mechanisms involved in the anticancer activity of calix[4]arene chlorambucil or ibuprofen conjugates, our research will be continued.

Keywords: Chlorambucil, calixarenes, ibuprofen, calix[4]arene derivatives, anticancer activity, human glioblastoma cells.

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