This reference explains hybrid-Trefftz finite element method (FEM). Readers are introduced to the basic concepts and general element formulations of the method. This is followed by topics on non-homogeneous parabolic problems, thermal analysis of composites, and heat conduction in nonlinear functionally graded materials. A brief summary of the fundamental solution based-FEM is also presented followed by a discussion on axisymmetric potential problems and the rotordynamic response of tapered composites. The book is rounded by chapters that cover the n-sided polygonal hybrid finite elements and analysis of piezoelectric materials. Key Features - Systematic presentation of 9 topics - Covers FEMs in two sections: 1) hybrid-Trefftz method and 2) fundamental FEM solutions - Bibliographic references - Includes solutions to problems in the numerical analysis of different material types - Includes solutions to some problems encountered in civil engineering (seepage, heat transfer, etc). This reference is suitable for scholars involved in advanced courses in mathematics and engineering (civil engineering/materials engineering). Professionals involved in developing analytical tools for materials and construction testing can also benefit from the methods presented in the book.

Mathematical transformations have applications in many everyday artistic (computer graphics and design), industrial (manufacturing) and scientific (informatics) processes. Transformations: A Mathematical Approach covers both the mathematical basics of transformations and technical applications. Readers will find information on the mathematical operators for linear, nonlinear and affine transformations. Key Features -introduces readers to affine transformations, their properties and definitions -explains different linear and nonlinear transformations -covers the application of transformations in acoustics, actuary, bioinformatics, calculus, cybernetics, epidemiology, genetics, optics, physics, probability and vector analysis -includes carefully selected examples for easy understanding The combination of an easy-to understand text with information on a broad range of basic and applied topics related to transformations makes this textbook a handy resource for students of mathematics and allied disciplines, at all levels.