This e-book is a suitable reference on the technical and scientific competence related to effective application and integration of cool materials in the built environment. The e-book is an overview on the following: </p><p> • The role of cool materials in the built environment. </p><p> • Major cool materials techniques and their benefits and drawbacks. </p><p> • Research trends in cool materials for the built environment. </p><p> • Technical guidelines for instrumentation, testing and rating of cool materials. </p><p> • Policy and economic aspects of cool materials necessary for the management of built environments. </p><p> • Case studies where the cool materials are implemented.

Bridges’ Dynamics covers the historical review of research and introductory mathematical concepts related to the structural dynamics of bridges. The e-book explains the theory behind engineering aspects such as 1) dynamic loadings, 2) mathematical concepts (calculus elements of variations, the d’ Alembert principle, Lagrange’s equation, the Hamilton principle, the equations of Heilig, and the δ and H functions), 3) moving loads, 4) bridge support mechanics (one, two and three span beams), 5) Static systems under dynamic loading 6) aero-elasticity, 7) space problems (2D and 3D) and 8) absorb systems (equations governing the behavior of the bridge-absorber system). The e-book is a useful introductory textbook for civil engineers interested in the theory of bridge structures.

Sustainability is a major concern when considering the construction of a new building project as there is a definite effect of any construction on its surrounding environment. One tool to measure the environmental impact of projects is the Ecological Footprint (EF). Ecological Footprint Assessment of Building Construction: Spanish Case Study presents the methodology required for the creation of an effective EF assessment of building construction projects with a case study of a Spanish project. The book starts with a detailed overview of the EF indicator for buildings including definitions, methodologies and scale applications. This is followed by chapters on dwelling construction methodology and calculation models for direct (energy and water), indirect (manpower and construction materials) resource consumption and waste in the constructed area. The book concludes with a case study that demonstrates the application of all types of EF indicators mentioned in the previous chapters. The methodology and all steps for each calculation are explained in detail, making the book an applicable reference for working professionals as well as an easy-to-understand guide for graduates undertaking sustainability modules in ecology and civil engineering courses

Stability of Geotechnical Structures: Theoretical and Numerical Analysis is a comprehensive introduction to the theory and applications of soil mechanics in structural stability. Chapters explain different mathematical methods to calculate structural stability metrics. Topics covered in the book include upper and lower bound methods, kinematic methods, slip line methods, limit analysis, limit equilibrium, and element methods. Additionally, fundamental principles in plasticity formulation are discussed in sufficient details, and sample computer programs are included to aid the readers in learning the presented theoretical material. The book also features worked examples for easy understanding. Theoretical material in the book is based on actual research conducted by the authors, with additional literature reviews and discussions about important topics in geotechnical engineering. Stability of Geotechnical Structures: Theoretical and Numerical Analysis is suitable for students undertaking advanced foundation or geotechnical engineering courses at undergraduate or postgraduate levels. Frontiers in Civil Engineering brings scholarly references on all topics related to civil engineering to the fore. Each volume presents thematic information on theoretical frameworks and practical applications in the field, including (but not limited to) soil and rock mechanics, flood control, road and railway engineering, and the construction of large buildings, bridges and dams. The series aims to compile and present useful information in the form of handbooks and monographs for students involved in technical courses in addition to providing updated references for professional engineers about the latest trends in civil engineering.

Water saving is an important aspect civil engineering and building design around the world. Alternative water sources as well as water saving appliances have been studied by many researchers in order to maximize water savings in buildings and promote building design that favours water savings. This volume explores topics related to water savings: rainwater tank sizing and modelling, wastewater treatment and reuse, relationships between user behaviour and water savings, health issues related to water savings and environmental analysis of rainwater and grey water use in buildings. Water Savings in Buildings is a handy resource for researchers, post-graduate students, undergraduate students and engineers working in water utilities, environment agencies and associated industries interested in understanding the basics of implementing systems to achieve water savings in buildings.

<i>Numerical Methods and Implementation in Geotechnical Engineering</i> explains several numerical methods that are used in geotechnical engineering. The first part of this reference set includes methods such as the finite element method, distinct element method, discontinuous deformation analysis, numerical manifold method, smoothed particle hydrodynamics method, material point method, plasticity method, limit equilibrium and limit analysis, plasticity, slope stability and foundation engineering, optimization analysis and reliability analysis. The authors have also presented different computer programs associated with the materials in this book which will be useful to students learning how to apply the models explained in the text into practical situations when designing structures in locations with specific soil and rock settings. <p></p> This reference book set is a suitable textbook primer for civil engineering students as it provides a basic introduction to different numerical methods (classical and modern) in comprehensive readable volumes.

Numerical Methods and Implementation in Geotechnical Engineering explains several numerical methods that are used in geotechnical engineering. The second part of this reference set includes more information on the distinct element method, geotechnical optimization analysis and reliability analysis. Information about relevant additional numerical methods is also provided in each chapter with problems where applicable. The authors have also presented different computer programs associated with the materials in this book set which will be useful to students learning how to apply the models explained in the text into practical situations when designing structures in locations with specific soil and rock settings. <p></p> This reference book set is a suitable textbook primer for civil engineering students as it provides a basic introduction to different numerical methods (classical and modern) in comprehensive readable volumes.

Systematic Architectural Design for Optimal Wind Energy Generation is a handy reference on the aerodynamic architectural forms in buildings for optimizing wind energy conversion processes. Chapters of the book cover the basics of wind energy generation and building design that make them more conducive for generating wind power, and in line with sustainable energy design goals. </p> Key Features: </p> - 7 chapters organized in a simple, reader-friendly layout </p> - A learning approach to the subject that highlights key concepts in architectural science and wind energy physics </p> - Introduces readers to the application of computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools to visualize and simulate architectural forms under wind actions </p> - An objective focus on architectural forms is presented, including the role of the form in optimizing wind energy conversion and the negative effects of wind on certain forms </p> - Covers the building and positioning of different types of wind turbines </p> - References for further reading </p> Systematic Architectural Design for Optimal Wind Energy Generation is an essential reference for students of architecture at all levels, professional architects, as well as readers interested in green building design, renewable energy, and sustainability studies that pave the way towards proactive environment-friendly solutions.

Occupant behaviour in buildings is a point of interest for building designers around the world. Functional buildings have a significant energy demand; therefore, improving the thermal and energy performance of such buildings requires knowledge about the variables that influence them. However, to increase the potential for improving thermal and energy performance of buildings, studies must also consider the occupant’s interactions with the built environment. The occupant behaviour influences the conditions of the internal environment through the occupation of indoor building spaces and through the interaction with building elements, such as air-conditioning, lighting, blinds and windows. Occupant Behaviour in Buildings: Advances and Challenges brings together reviews of these influential aspects, presenting updates on advances and questions that pose challenges in our current understanding of behavioural modeling and its application to building design. Special topics covered in the book include methods to survey occupant behavior, building design choices, occupant behaviour impact on a building's thermal and energy efficiency, and,finally, a simulation of occupants in a building. </P> Key Features </P> - Presents up-to-date information on occupant behaviour in buildings </P> - Eight chapters, written by renowned researchers, provide readers with useful insights on the subject </P> - Includes a case study of buildings in Brazil </P> - Structured reader-friendly content </P> - References for further reading </P> This reference is an informative resource for students and professionals in architecture, civil engineering, building information design, and urban planning. Readers interested in social and behavioural sciences will also gain insights on research methods that are helpful in investigating human behavior in urban dwellings.