Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to synthesize the evidence about the efficacy of Olanzapine for the prevention of CINV.
Methods: A computer literature search of PubMed, EBSCO, Ovid, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases has been conducted. Studies were screened for eligibility and data were extracted. The proportion of patients with complete response (CR) and those with no nausea were pooled as risk ratio (RR) in a fixed effect model meta-analysis using Review Manager Version 5.3 for windows. Results: Nine randomized controlled trials (n=1572) were pooled in the final analysis. In all studies, olanzapine was given as 10 mg PO. Olanzapine was superior to active control in terms of CR rate in acute phase (RR 1.12, 95% CI [1.02, 1.22], p=0.01]), delayed phase (RR 1.31, 95% CI [[1.10, 1.56], p=0.002), and overall phase (RR 1.30, 95% CI [1.09, 1.55], p=0.004). Rates of no nausea were significantly higher in olanzapine 10 mg group compared to active control group in acute phase (RR 1.20, 95% CI [1.04, 1.38], p=0.01), delayed phase (RR 1.72, 95% CI [1.42, 2.08], p<0.00001), and overall phase (RR 1.57, 95% CI [1.39, 1.77], p <0.00001). The incidence of adverse events was similar in olanzapine and control groups, with the most frequently reported treatment-related emergent adverse events being fatigue, constipation, and headache. Conclusion: Olanzapine is a well-tolerated drug for cancer patients and has shown superiority against conventional antiemetics for the prevention of CINV.Keywords: Anti-emesis, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, complete response, meta-analysis, nausea, olanzapine.
Graphical Abstract
[1]
Basch, E.; Prestrud, A.A.; Hesketh, P.J.; Kris, M.G.; Feyer, P.C.; Somerfield, M.R.; Chesney, M.; Clark-Snow, R.A.; Flaherty, A.M.; Freundlich, B.; Morrow, G.; Rao, K.V.; Schwartz, R.N.; Lyman, G.H. Antiemetics: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline update. J. Clin. Oncol., 2011, 29(31), 4189-4198.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2010.34.4614] [PMID: 21947834]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2010.34.4614] [PMID: 21947834]
[2]
Bymaster, F.P.; Calligaro, D.O.; Falcone, J.F.; Marsh, R.D.; Moore, N.A.; Tye, N.C.; Seeman, P.; Wong, D.T. Radioreceptor binding profile of the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine. Neuropsychopharmacology, 1996, 14(2), 87-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0893-133X(94)00129-N] [PMID: 8822531]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0893-133X(94)00129-N] [PMID: 8822531]
[3]
Chiu, L.; Chow, R.; Popovic, M.; Navari, R.M.; Shumway, N.M.; Chiu, N.; Lam, H.; Milakovic, M.; Pasetka, M.; Vuong, S.; Chow, E.; DeAngelis, C. Efficacy of olanzapine for the prophylaxis and rescue of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support. Care Cancer, 2016, 24(5), 2381-2392.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-016-3075-8] [PMID: 26768437]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-016-3075-8] [PMID: 26768437]
[4]
DeRemer, D.L.; Clemmons, A.B.; Orr, J.; Clark, S.M.; Gandhi, A.S. Emerging role of olanzapine for prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Pharmacotherapy, 2016, 36(2), 218-229.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1703] [PMID: 26890915]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1703] [PMID: 26890915]
[6]
Ahmed, H.; Hammad, A.M.; Abushouk, A.I.; Zidan, M.; Salem, M.; Negida, A.; Abdel-Daim, M.M. Meta-analysis of safety and efficacy of rolapitant, NK-1 receptor antagonist for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Curr. Probl. Cancer, 2018, 42(2), 241-255.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2017.11.003] [PMID: 29310827]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2017.11.003] [PMID: 29310827]
[7]
Herrstedt, J.; Dombernowsky, P. Anti-emetic therapy in cancer chemotherapy: current status. Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 2007, 101(3), 143-150.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00122.x] [PMID: 17697032]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00122.x] [PMID: 17697032]
[8]
Hocking, C.M.; Kichenadasse, G. Olanzapine for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a systematic review. Support. Care Cancer, 2014, 22(4), 1143-1151.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-014-2138-y] [PMID: 24522741]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-014-2138-y] [PMID: 24522741]
[9]
Liu, J.; Tan, L.; Zhang, H.; Li, H.; Liu, X.; Yan, Z.; Chen, J.; Yang, H.; Zhang, D. QoL evaluation of olanzapine for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting comparing with 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. Eur. J. Cancer Care (Engl.), 2015, 24(3), 436-443.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12260] [PMID: 25404537]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12260] [PMID: 25404537]
[10]
Mizukami, N.; Yamauchi, M.; Koike, K.; Watanabe, A.; Ichihara, K.; Masumori, N.; Yamakage, M. Olanzapine for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J. Pain Symptom Manage., 2014, 47(3), 542-550.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.05.003] [PMID: 23856100]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.05.003] [PMID: 23856100]
[11]
Navari, R.M.; Einhorn, L.H.; Passik, S.D.; Loehrer, P.J., Sr; Johnson, C.; Mayer, M.L.; McClean, J.; Vinson, J.; Pletcher, W. A phase II trial of olanzapine for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: A Hoosier Oncology Group study. Support. Care Cancer, 2005, 13(7), 529-534.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-004-0755-6] [PMID: 15700131]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-004-0755-6] [PMID: 15700131]
[12]
Navari, R.M.; Gray, S.E.; Kerr, A.C. Olanzapine versus aprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a randomized phase III trial. J. Support. Oncol., 2011, 9(5), 188-195.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.suponc.2011.05.002] [PMID: 22024310]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.suponc.2011.05.002] [PMID: 22024310]
[13]
Osoba, D.; Zee, B.; Warr, D.; Latreille, J.; Kaizer, L.; Pater, J. Effect of postchemotherapy nausea and vomiting on health-related quality of life. Support. Care Cancer, 1997, 5(4), 307-313.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005200050078] [PMID: 9257427]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005200050078] [PMID: 9257427]
[14]
Navari, R.M.; Qin, R.; Ruddy, K.J.; Liu, H.; Powell, S.F.; Bajaj, M.; Dietrich, L.; Biggs, D.; Lafky, J.M.; Loprinzi, C.L. Olanzapine for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. N. Engl. J. Med., 2016, 375(2), 134-142.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1515725] [PMID: 27410922]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1515725] [PMID: 27410922]
[15]
Passik, S.D.; Lundberg, J.; Kirsh, K.L.; Theobald, D.; Donaghy, K.; Holtsclaw, E.; Cooper, M.; Dugan, W. A pilot exploration of the antiemetic activity of olanzapine for the relief of nausea in patients with advanced cancer and pain. J. Pain Symptom Manage., 2002, 23(6), 526-532.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0885-3924(02)00391-3] [PMID: 12067777]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0885-3924(02)00391-3] [PMID: 12067777]
[16]
Pirl, W.F.; Roth, A.J. Remission of chemotherapy-induced emesis with concurrent olanzapine treatment: a case report. Psychooncology, 2000, 9(1), 84-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1611(200001/02)9:1<84:AID-PON440>3.0.CO;2-T] [PMID: 10668063]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1611(200001/02)9:1<84:AID-PON440>3.0.CO;2-T] [PMID: 10668063]
[17]
Passik, S.D.; Navari, R.M.; Jung, S-H.; Nagy, C.; Vinson, J.; Kirsh, K.L.; Loehrer, P. A phase I trial of olanzapine (Zyprexa) for the prevention of delayed emesis in cancer patients: A Hoosier Oncology Group study. Cancer Invest., 2004, 22(3), 383-388.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CNV-200029066] [PMID: 15493359]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CNV-200029066] [PMID: 15493359]
[18]
Wiser, W.; Berger, A. Practical management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Oncology (Williston Park), 2005, 19(5), 637-645.
[PMID: 15945344]
[PMID: 15945344]
[19]
Yang, T.; Liu, Q.; Lu, M.; Ma, L.; Zhou, Y.; Cui, Y. Efficacy of olanzapine for the prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a meta-analysis. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 2017, 83(7), 1369-1379.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bcp.13242] [PMID: 28112422]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bcp.13242] [PMID: 28112422]
[21]
Higgins, J.P.T.; Green, S.; Series, C.B. Cochrane Handbook for
Systematic Reviews of Interventions, 2008, 5
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470712184]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470712184]
[22]
Haiderali, A.; Menditto, L.; Good, M.; Teitelbaum, A.; Wegner, J. Impact on daily functioning and indirect/direct costs associated with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in a U.S. population. Support. Care Cancer, 2011, 19(6), 843-851.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-010-0915-9] [PMID: 20532923]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-010-0915-9] [PMID: 20532923]
[23]
Roila, F.; Herrstedt, J.; Aapro, M.; Gralla, R.J.; Einhorn, L.H.; Ballatori, E.; Bria, E.; Clark-Snow, R.A.; Espersen, B.T.; Feyer, P.; Grunberg, S.M.; Hesketh, P.J.; Jordan, K.; Kris, M.G.; Maranzano, E.; Molassiotis, A.; Morrow, G.; Olver, I.; Rapoport, B.L.; Rittenberg, C.; Saito, M.; Tonato, M.; Warr, D. Guideline update for MASCC and ESMO in the prevention of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: results of the Perugia consensus conference. Ann. Oncol., 2010, 21(Suppl. 5), v232-v243.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdq194] [PMID: 20555089]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdq194] [PMID: 20555089]
[24]
Jordan, K.; Gralla, R.; Jahn, F.; Molassiotis, A. International antiemetic guidelines on chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV): content and implementation in daily routine practice. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2014, 722, 197-202.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.073] [PMID: 24157984]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.073] [PMID: 24157984]
[25]
Hickok, J.T.; Roscoe, J.A.; Morrow, G.R.; King, D.K.; Atkins, J.N.; Fitch, T.R. Nausea and emesis remain significant problems of chemotherapy despite prophylaxis with 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 antiemetics: a University of Rochester James P. Wilmot Cancer Center Community Clinical Oncology Program Study of 360 cancer patients treated in the community. Cancer, 2003, 97(11), 2880-2886.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.11408] [PMID: 12767103]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.11408] [PMID: 12767103]
[26]
Hickok, J.T.; Roscoe, J.A.; Morrow, G.R.; Bole, C.W.; Zhao, H.; Hoelzer, K.L.; Dakhil, S.R.; Moore, T.; Fitch, T.R. 5-Hydroxytryptamine-receptor antagonists versus prochlorperazine for control of delayed nausea caused by doxorubicin: a URCC CCOP randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol., 2005, 6(10), 765-772.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(05)70325-9] [PMID: 16198982]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(05)70325-9] [PMID: 16198982]
[27]
Chelkeba, L.; Gidey, K.; Mamo, A.; Yohannes, B.; Matso, T.; Melaku, T. Olanzapine for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharm. Pract. (Granada), 2017, 15(1), 877.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18549/PharmPract.2017.01.877] [PMID: 28503222]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18549/PharmPract.2017.01.877] [PMID: 28503222]
[28]
Cole, J.B.; Klein, L.R.; Strobel, A.M.; Blanchard, S.R.; Nahum, R.; Martel, M.L. The use, safety, and efficacy of olanzapine in a level i pediatric trauma center emergency department over a 10-year period. Pediatr. Emerg. Care, 2017.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000001231] [PMID: 28697164]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000001231] [PMID: 28697164]
[29]
Fornaro, M.; Martino, M. Adding 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor type 3 antagonists may reduce drug-induced nausea in poor insight obsessive-compulsive patients taking off-label doses of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a 52-week follow-up case report. Ann. Gen. Psychiatry, 2010, 9(1), 39.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1744-859X-9-39] [PMID: 21143969]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1744-859X-9-39] [PMID: 21143969]