Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Bioactive Compounds

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4072
ISSN (Online): 1875-6646

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Design Based Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Marrubium vulgare Linn and Comparative Evaluation of Extracts for Furan Labdane Diterpene (Marrubiin) Concentration and Antihypertensive Potential

Author(s): Arun Nanda and Vineet Mittal*

Volume 16, Issue 6, 2020

Page: [924 - 936] Pages: 13

DOI: 10.2174/1573407215666190524102431

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Improvement in extract quality in terms of concentration of secondary metabolites and pharmacological activity has always been the need of the hour. In the present research, the target was to extract the selected medicinal herb using the ultrasound waves and to optimize the extraction conditions for the improvement in the quality of extract with respect to furan labdane diterpene (marrubiin) concentration and antihypertensive potential.

Methods: The whole plant of Marrubium vulgare Linn. was collected from the fields of Pulwama district of Jammu and Kashmir state in India and extracted by cold maceration (MVM) and ultrasound assisted extraction techniques (MVU). The response surface methodology coupled with the central composite design was employed to optimize the selected extraction parameters in UAE method. The marrubiin concentration in different extracts was determined by HPTLC. The extracts were also evaluated for the antihypertensive potential by non-invasive blood pressure monitoring (NIBPM) method.

Results: The extract yield (14.2 ± 0.9%) and concentration of marrubiin (0.91 ± 0.04%) were significantly improved at the optimized UAE conditions (Ultrasound power 467 W, sonication time of 47 minutes and solvent concentration of 33 mL per g of drug) as compared to the conventional method. Furthermore, the MVU extract (200 mg/kg) along with ethanol significantly (p<0.01) prevented the rise in mean systolic blood pressure (MSBP) of animals and also the GSH was significantly (p<0.05) enhanced as compared to ethanol-treated animals.

Conclusion: The elevation in MSBP and decrease in reduced glutathione concentration (GSH) by the chronic ethanol consumption were significantly altered by MVU extract as compared to MVM extract. The enhanced antihypertensive effect of selected herb may be attributed to the improved concentration of secondary metabolites (marrubiin) in MVU extract obtained at optimized conditions.

Keywords: Central composite design, glutathione, High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), mean systolic blood pressure, Scanning Electron Micrography (SEM).

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Luque-García, J.L.; Luque de Castro, M.D. Ultrasound-assisted Soxhlet extraction: An expeditive approach for solid sample treatment. Application to the extraction of total fat from oleaginous seeds. J. Chromatogr. A, 2004, 1034(1-2), 237-242.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2004.02.020] [PMID: 15116936]
[2]
Da Porto, C.; Decorti, D. Ultrasound-assisted extraction coupled with under vacuum distillation of flavour compounds from spearmint (carvone-rich) plants: Comparison with conventional hydrodistillation. Ultrason. Sonochem., 2009, 16(6), 795-799.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2009.03.010] [PMID: 19406680]
[3]
Jadhav, D.B.N.R.; Gogate, P.R.; Rathod, V.K. Extraction of vanillin from vanilla pods: A comparison study of conventional soxhlet and ultrasound- assisted extraction. J. Food Eng., 2009, 93(4), 421-426.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.02.007]
[4]
Khan, M.K.; Abert-Vian, M.; Fabiano-Tixier, A.S.; Dangles, O.; Chemat, F. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols (flavonoid glycosides) from orange (Citrus sinensis L.) peel. Food Chem., 2010, 119(2), 851-858.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.08.046]
[5]
Kimbaris, A.C.; Siatis, N.G.; Daferera, D.J.; Tarantilis, P.A.; Pappas, C.S.; Polissiou, M.G. Comparison of distillation and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods for the isolation of sensitive aroma compounds from garlic (Allium sativum). Ultrason. Sonochem., 2006, 13(1), 54-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2004.12.003] [PMID: 16223688]
[6]
Lianfu, Z.; Zelong, L. Optimization and comparison of Ultrasound/Microwave Assisted Extraction (UMAE) and Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) of lycopene from tomatoes. Ultrason. Sonochem., 2008, 15(5), 731-737.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2007.12.001] [PMID: 18226944]
[7]
Ashley, K. Ultrasonic extraction of heavy metals from environmental and industrial hygiene samples for their subsequent determination. Trends Analyt. Chem., 1998, 17(6), 366-372.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-9936(98)00018-1]
[8]
Tadeo, J.L.; Sánchez-Brunete, C.; Albero, B.; García-Valcárcel, A.I. Application of ultrasound-assisted extraction to the determination of contaminants in food and soil samples. J. Chromatogr. A, 2010, 1217(16), 2415-2440.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.066] [PMID: 20005520]
[9]
Awad, T.S.; Moharram, H.A.; Shaltout, O.E.; Asker, D.; Youssef, M.M. Applications of ultrasound in analysis, processing and quality control of food: A review. Food Res. Int., 2012, 48(2), 410-427.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2012.05.004]
[10]
Shirsath, S.R.; Sonawane, S.H.; Gogate, P.R. Chemical engineering and processing: Process intensification intensification of extraction of natural products using ultrasonic irradiations- A review of current status. Chem. Eng. Process. Process Intensif., 2012, 53, 10-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2012.01.003]
[11]
Chandrapala, J.; Oliver, C.M. Kentish, Sandra, M.A. Use of power ultrasound to improve extraction and modify phase transitions in food processing. Food Rev. Int., 2013, 29(1), 67-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2012.692140]
[12]
Chemat, F. Zill-e-Huma; Khan, M.K. Applications of ultrasound in food technology: Processing, preservation and extraction. Ultrason. Sonochem., 2011, 18(4), 813-835.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.11.023] [PMID: 21216174]
[13]
Patist, A.; Bates, D. Ultrasonic innovations in the food industry : From the laboratory to commercial production. Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol., 2008, 9(2), 147-154.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2007.07.004]
[14]
Kirtikar, K.R.; Basu, B.D. Indian Medicinal Plants; International Book Distributors: Dehradun, 1996.
[15]
Popoola, O.K.; Elbagory, A.M.; Ameer, F.; Hussein, A.A. Marrubiin. Molecules, 2013, 18(8), 9049-9060.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules18089049] [PMID: 23899837]
[16]
Rageeb, M.; Usman, M.; Patil, S.S.S.; Lodhi, S.; Vadnere, G.P.; Sharma, V.K. Marrubium vulgare L.: A review on phytochemical and pharmacological aspects. J. Intercult. Ethnopharmacol., 2017, 6(4), 429-452.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jice.20170713060840]
[17]
Rodrigues, C.A.; Savi, A.O.S.; Schlemper, V.; Reynaud, F.; Cechinel-Filho, V. An improved extraction of marrubiim from Marrubium vulgare. Chromatographia, 1998, 47(7-8), 449-450.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02466478]
[18]
Stulzer, H.K.; Tagliari, M.P.; Zampirolo, J.A.; Cechinel-Filho, V.; Schlemper, V. Antioedematogenic effect of marrubiin obtained from Marrubium vulgare. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2006, 108(3), 379-384.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.05.023] [PMID: 16846706]
[19]
Mittal, V.; Nanda, A. Intensification of marrubiin concentration by optimization of microwave-assisted (low CO2 yielding) extraction process for Marrubium vulgare using central composite design and antioxidant evaluation. Pharm. Biol., 2017, 55(1), 1337-1347.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2017.1297837] [PMID: 28298169]
[20]
Nanda, A.; Mittal, V. Development of a novel, rapid and validated HPTLC protocol for the quantitative estimation of marrubiin from the extracts of Marrubium vulgare Linn. J. Adv. Med. Pharm. Sci., 2016, 10(3), 1-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/JAMPS/2016/29840]
[21]
Mittal, V.; Nanda, A. The Pharmacognostical Evaluation of the Marrubium vulgare Linn Collected from the Pulwama District of Jammu and Kashmir State in India. J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2016, 8(10), 7-15.
[22]
Bersuder, P.; Hole, M.; Smith, G. Antioxidants from a heated histidine-glucose model system. I: Investigation of the antioxidant role of histidine and isolation of antioxidants by high-performance liquid chromatography. JAOCS. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 1998, 75(2), 181-187.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11746-998-0030-y]
[23]
Bachhav, S.S.; Bhutada, M.S.; Patil, S.D.; Baser, B.; Chaudhari, K.B. Effect of Viscum articulatum Burm. (Loranthaceae) in Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester induced hypertension and renal dysfunction. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2012, 142(2), 467-473.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.021] [PMID: 22626924]
[24]
Akerboom, T.P.M.; Sies, H. Assay of glutathione, glutathione disulfide, and glutathione mixed disulfides in biological samples. Methods Enzymol., 1981, 77, 373-382.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(81)77050-2] [PMID: 7329314]
[25]
Ellman, G.L. Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 1959, 82(1), 70-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(59)90090-6] [PMID: 13650640]
[26]
Zhou, H.Y.; Liu, C.Z. Microwave-assisted extraction of solanesol from tobacco leaves. J. Chromatogr. A, 2006, 1129(1), 135-139.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.07.083] [PMID: 16919654]
[27]
Romdhane, M.; Gourdon, C. Investigation in solid-liquid extraction : Influence of ultrasound. Chem. Eng. J., 2002, 87(1), 11-19.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1385-8947(01)00206-6]
[28]
Sivakumar, V.; Verma, R.V.; Rao, P.G.; Swaminathan, G. Studies on the use of power ultrasound in solid-liquid myrobalan extraction process. J. Clean. Prod., 2007, 15(18), 1813-1818.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2006.06.006]
[29]
Zhao, S.; Kwok, K.C.; Liang, H. Investigation on ultrasound assisted extraction of saikosaponins from Radix Bupleuri. Separ. Purif. Tech., 2007, 55(3), 307-312.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2006.12.002] [PMID: 32288611]
[30]
Zhang, H.F.; Yang, X.H.; Zhao, L.D.; Wang, Y. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of Epimedin C. from fresh leaves of Epimedium and extraction mechanism. Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol., 2009, 10(1), 54-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2008.09.007]
[31]
Japón-Luján, R.; Luque de Castro, M.D. Superheated liquid extraction of oleuropein and related biophenols from olive leaves. J. Chromatogr. A, 2006, 1136(2), 185-191.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.09.081] [PMID: 17045596]
[32]
Wang, I.; Sun, B.; Cao, Y.; Tian, Y.; Li, X. Optimisation of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from wheat bran. Food Chem., 2008, 106(2), 804-810.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.06.062]
[33]
Vinatoru, M. An overview of the ultrasonically assisted extraction of bioactive principles from herbs. Ultrason. Sonochem., 2001, 8(3), 303-313.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1350-4177(01)00071-2] [PMID: 11441615]
[34]
Filgueiras, A.V.; Capelo, J.L.; Lavilla, I.; Bendicho, C. Comparison of ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted digestion for determination of magnesium, manganese and zinc in plant samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta, 2000, 53(2), 433-441.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0039-9140(00)00510-5] [PMID: 18968128]
[35]
Zou, Y.; Xie, C.; Fan, G.; Gu, Z.; Han, Y. Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of melanin from Auricularia auricula fruit bodies. Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol., 2010, 11(4), 611-615.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2010.07.002]
[36]
Ji, J.B.; Lu, X.H.; Cai, M.Q.; Xu, Z.C.; Xu, Q.; Chao, Z. Improvement of leaching process of Geniposide with ultrasound. Ultrason. Sonochem., 2006, 13(5), 455-462.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2005.08.003] [PMID: 16289805]
[37]
Kaplan, N.M. Alcohol and hypertension. Lancet, 1995, 345(8965), 1588-1589.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(95)90110-8] [PMID: 7783532]
[38]
Preedy, V.R.; Richardson, P.J. Ethanol induced cardiovascular disease. Br. Med. Bull., 1994, 50(1), 152-163.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072873] [PMID: 8149190]
[39]
Vasdev, S.; Sampson, C.A.; Prabhakaran, V.M. Platelet-free calcium and vascular calcium uptake in ethanol-induced hypertensive rats. Hypertension, 1991, 18(1), 116-122.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.18.1.116] [PMID: 1860706]
[40]
Mira, L.; Maia, L.; Barreira, L.; Manso, C.F. Evidence for free radical generation due to NADH oxidation by aldehyde oxidase during ethanol metabolism. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 1995, 318(1), 53-58.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1995.1203] [PMID: 7726572]
[41]
Anandatheerthavarada, H.K.; Shankar, S.K.; Bhamre, S.; Boyd, M.R.; Song, B.J.; Ravindranath, V. Induction of brain cytochrome P-450IIE1 by chronic ethanol treatment. Brain Res., 1993, 601(1-2), 279-285.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)91721-4] [PMID: 8431773]
[42]
Saeed, N.; Khan, M.R.; Shabbir, M. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of whole plant extracts Torilis leptophylla L. BMC Complement. Altern. Med., 2012, 12(1), 221-232.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-12-221] [PMID: 23153304]
[43]
El Bardai, S.; Morel, N.; Wibo, M.; Fabre, N.; Llabres, G.; Lyoussi, B.; Quetin-Leclercq, J. The vasorelaxant activity of marrubenol and marrubiin from Marrubium vulgare. Planta Med., 2003, 69(1), 75-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-37042] [PMID: 12567286]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
5
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy