Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Traditional Medicine

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2215-0838
ISSN (Online): 2215-0846

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Comparative Evaluation of Antiulcer Activity of Ficus religiosa (Stem Bark) Extracts Prepared by Different Methods of Extraction

Author(s): Sunita Panchawat* and Joohee Pradhan

Volume 6, Issue 4, 2020

Page: [351 - 359] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190328210119

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The stem bark of Ficus religiosa L. (Family-Moraceae) is traditionally used to treat gonorrhea, diarrhea, dysentery, leucorrhea, menorrhagia, vaginal and other urogenical disorders, ulcers and gastrohelcosis.

Objective: The study was aimed at comparing antiulcer activity (ethanol induced gastric ulcer) for stem bark extracts of Ficus religiosa Linn. prepared by different extraction methods viz. soxhlet, ultrasonication and microwave assisted extraction.

Methods: The powdered drug material was extracted by soxhlet (time 48 hours., temperature 60°C and solvent 60% ethanol), Ultrasonic (90 min., 50°C and acetone as solvent)and Microwave (3 min., 60°C and acetone as solvent) assisted extraction method. The acute toxicity study was carried out in adult female albino rats by “fix dose” method of OECD guideline no. 420 for selection of doses. Antiulcerogenic effect of prepared extracts (200mg/kg) was evaluated by ethanol induced ulcer method using omeprazole (40 mg/kg) as standard drug and absolute alcohol 99.5% as necrotizing agent.

Result and Conclusion: Acute toxicity study did not show any significant toxicity signs and extracts were said to be practically non-toxic at tested dose level of 2000 mg/kg, b.w. The best antiulcer activity was shown by the hydroalcoholic extract prepared by soxhlet extraction method. Administration of ethanol produced significant ulcer index (41.00 ± 1.75) in the control group. Standard drug omeprazole (40 mg/kg) produced percentage protection of 70.31%. Among all three extracts, Ulcer index is significantly (p<0.001) protected by hydroalcoholic extract (Soxhlet Extraction Method) with percentage protection 52.02%.

Keywords: Antiulcer activity, Ficus religiosa Linn., ultrasonication assisted extraction, microwaveassisted extraction, standard drug, ulcer index.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Romanik G, Gilgenast E, Przyjazny A, Namiesnik J and , Kamiński M. Techniques of preparing plant material for chromatographic separation and analysis. J Biochem Biophys Methods 2007 Mar 10; 70(2): 253-61.
[2]
Van der Velde EG, de Haan W, Liem AKD. Supercritical fluid extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls and pesticides from soil. Comparison with other extraction methods. J Chromatogr A 1992; 626(1): 135-43.
[3]
Valle DL. Peptic Ulcer Diseases and Related Disorders. In: Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jamson JL, Eds. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 16th Ed. New York: Mc-Graw Hill Publications 2005; pp. 1746-62.
[4]
Grossman M. Peptic ulcer: A guide for practicing physicians Chicago Year Book Medical Publishers Am J Pharm Toxicol. 2009; 4: pp. (79)89-93.
[5]
Hoogerwerf WA, Pasricha PJ. Agents Used for Control of Gastric Acidity and Treatment of Peptic Ulcers and Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease. In: Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Goodman Gilman A, Eds. Goodman and Gilman The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed. NewYork: Mc-Graw Hill Publications 2001; pp. 1005-19.
[6]
Feldman M, Burton MEH. H2-receptor antagonists. Standard therapy for acid-peptic diseases. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1672-80.
[7]
Reilly JP. Safety profile of the proton-pump inhibitors. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1999; 56(23): S11-7.
[8]
Francho TG, Richter JE. Proton-pump inhibitors for gastric acid-related disease. Cleve Clin J Med 1998; 65: 27-34.
[9]
Chauhan DS, Merh SS. Evolutionary history of a lost river of Northwestern India Vedic Saraswati Banglore. Geological Society of India 1999; pp. 35-44.
[10]
Ravishankar B, Shukla VJ. Indian systems of medicine: a brief profile. Afr J Tradit CAM 2007; 4(3): 319-37.
[11]
Uma B, Prabhakar K, Rajendran S. In vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of Ficus religiosa L. and Ficus bengalensis L. against diarrhoeal enterotoxigenic E. coli. Ethnobot Leaflets 2009; 13: 472-4.
[12]
Ripu MK, Rainer WB. Ficus (Fig) species in Nepal: A review of diversity and indigenous uses. Lyonia 2006; 11(1): 85-97.
[13]
Sheetal A, Bagul MS, Prabia M, Rajani M. Evaluation of free radicals scavenging activity of an ayurvedic formulation P, panchvankala. Ind J Pharm Sci 2008; 70(1): 31-5.
[14]
Panchawat S, Sisodia SS. Comparative evaluation/optimization of soxhlet, ultrasication and microwave assisted extraction of Ficus religiosa Linn. Res J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2010; 2(4): 309-12.
[15]
Mukherjee PK. Quality Control of Herbal Drugs (An Approach to Evaluation of Botanicals). 1st Ed. New Delhi: Business Horizones Pharmaceutical Publishers 2000; pp. 246-370.
[16]
Indian Pharmacopoeia Vol. I, Delhi. Controller of Publications. 1996; pp. 134-5.
[17]
Garg GP, Nigam SK, Ogle CW. The gastric antiulcer effects of the leaves of the neem tree. Planta Med 1993; 59: 215-7.
[18]
Barros MPD, Lemos M, Maistro EL, et al. Evaluation of antiulcer activity of the main phenolic acids found in Brazilian Green Propolis. J Ethnopharmacol 2008; 120: 372-7.
[19]
OECD. Guideline for testing of chemicals; Guideance no. 420. Fixed Dose Procedure. Available from; http://iccvam.niehs.nih.gov/suppDocs/Fed Docs/ OECD/ OECD-GL-420.pdf December 17, 2001.
[20]
Dharmani P, Kuchibhotla VK, Maurya R, Srivastava S, Sharma S, Palit G. Evaluation of anti-ulcerogenic and ulcer-healing properties of Ocimum sanctum Linn. J Ethanopharmacol 2004 Aug; 93(2-3): 197-206.
[21]
Robert A, Nezamis JE, Lancaster C, Hanchar AJ. Gastroenterol 1979; 77: 433.
[22]
Barocelli E, Chiavarini M, Ballabeni V, et al. Study of the antisecretory and antiulcer mechanism of new indenopyridazinone derivative in rats. Pharmacol Res 1997; 35: 487-92.
[23]
Kinoshita M, Tsunehisa N, Tamaki H. Effect of a combination of ecabet sodium and cimetidine on experimentally induced gastric lesions and gastric mucosal resistance to ulcerogenic agents in rats. Biol Pharm Bull 1995; 18: 223-6.
[24]
Oates PJ, Hakkinen JP. Studies on the mechanism of ethanol-induced gastric damage in rats. Gastroenterology 1988; 94: 10-21.
[25]
Szabo S. Mechanisms of mucosal injury in the stomach and duodenum: time-sequence analysis of morphologic, functional, biochemical and histochemical studies. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987; 127: 21-8.
[26]
Piper DW, Stiel DD. Pathogenesis of chronic peptic ulcer, current thinking and clinical implications. Med Pr 1986; 2: 7-10.
[27]
Surendra S. Evaluation of gastric antiulcer activity of fixed oil of tulsi and possible mechanism. Indian J Exp Biol 1999; 36: 253-7.
[28]
Guth PH, Paulsen G, Nagata H. Histologic and microcirculatory changes in alcohol-induced gastric lesions in the rat: effect of prostaglandin cytoprotection. Gastroenterology 1984; 87(5): 1083-90.
[29]
Parnham MJ, Brune K. Meeting report: Therapeutic control of inflammatory diseases. Agents Actions 1987; 21(3): 232-4.
[30]
Suzuki Y, Ishihara M, Segami T, Ito M. Anti-ulcer effects of antioxidants, quercetin, alpha-tocopherol, nifedipine and tetracycline in rats. Japan J Pharmacol 1998; 78: 435-41.
[31]
Xiao M, Yang Z, Jiu M, You J, Xiao R. The anti-gastroulcerative activity of beta-sitosterol-beta-D-glucoside and its aglycone in rats Hua xi yi ke da xue xue bao J West China Univ Med Sci Huaxi yike daxue xuebao 1992; 23(1): 98-101.
[32]
Pihan G, Regillo C, Szabo S. Free radicals and lipid peroxidation in ethanol- or aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury. Dig Dis Sci 1987; 32(12): 1395-401.
[33]
Galati EM, Pergolizzi S, Miceli N, Monforte MT, Tripodo MM. Study on the increment of the production of gastric mucus in rats treated with Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. Cladodes. J Ethanopharmacol 2002; 83: 229-33.
[34]
Borrelli F, Izzo AA. The plant kingdom as a source of anti-ulcer remedies. Phytother Res 2000; 14: 581-91.
[35]
Salvayre R, Braquet P, Perochot L, Douste-Blazy L. Comparison of the scavenger effect of bilberry anthocyanosides with various flavonoids. Flavonoids Bioflavonoids 1982; 11: 437-42.
[36]
Panchawat S, Sisodia SS. Comparison of free radical scavenging activity of Ficus religiosa Linn. stem bark extracts prepared by different methods of extraction. J Herbal Med Toxicol 2010; 4(2): 163-6.
[37]
Khan MSA, Hussain SA, Jais AMM, Zakaria ZA. Mohib Khan. Anti-ulcer activity of Ficus religiosa stem bark ethanolic extract in rats. J Med Plants Res 2011 Feb; 5(3): 354-9.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
13
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy