Generic placeholder image

Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1871-5303
ISSN (Online): 2212-3873

Systematic Review Article

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapies Adversely Affect Fertility in Men- A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author(s): Antara Banerjee, Marco Scarpa*, Surajit Pathak, Patrizia Burra, Giacomo C. Sturniolo, Francesco P. Russo, Ram Murugesan and Renata D'Incá*

Volume 19, Issue 7, 2019

Page: [959 - 974] Pages: 16

DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190313112110

Price: $65

Abstract

Background and Aims: Sexual functions are sometimes adversely affected by the therapeutic drugs delivered for treating IBD. Much attention has been focused on pregnancy/sexual issues in women. Relatively less attention has been poured in to address this issue in men. This systematic review assesses the drugs having potential detrimental effects on fertility in men.

Methods: Three databases were searched by two researchers independently for potentially relevant publications between 1964 to 2015 and 249 papers were retrieved. Studies that dealt with sexual problems after IBD drugs administration were included in the purview of this review.

Results: Fourteen studies with 327 human patients and 110 animals were analysed. Sulphasalazine treated patients had lower spermatozoa count, lower sperm motility and higher risk of oligospermia compared to mesalazine treated ones. Biologics seem to be safe to use while attempting to conceive however, proper clinical studies reporting male fertility problems in IBD patients are lacking. Azathioprine caused oligospermia but a meta-analytical approach was not possible due to heterogeneity in studies. Some animal studies showed methotrexate affects abnormal testis structure and spermatogenesis.

Conclusion: This study summarises the current literature and safety issues affecting fertility parameters in men and animals treated with IBD therapeutic drugs, which can further assist clinicians in better management of adult male IBD patients.

Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease, therapies, male fertility, Ulcerative colitis, azathioprine, oligospermia.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Ruess, L. Nussbaum, Blask A.R; Bulas, D.I.; Mohan, P.; Bader, A.; Latimer, J.S.; Benny, K. Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children and Young Adults. Correlation of Sonographic and Clinical Parameters During Treatment. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 2000, 175, 179-184.
[2]
Andres, P.G.; Friedman, L.S. Epidemiology and the natural course of inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am., 1999, 28(2), 255-281. vii.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0889-8553(05)70056-X] [PMID: 10372268]
[3]
Mahadevan, U.; Sandborn, W.J.; Li, D.K.; Hakimian, S.; Kane, S.; Corley, D.A. Pregnancy outcomes in women with inflammatory bowel disease: a large community-based study from Northern California. Gastroenterology, 2007, 133(4), 1106-1112.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2007.07.019] [PMID: 17764676]
[4]
Baumgart, D.C.; Carding, S.R. Inflammatory bowel disease: cause and immunobiology. Lancet, 2007, 369(9573), 1627-1640.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60750-8] [PMID: 17499605]
[5]
Baumgart, D.C.; Sandborn, W.J. Inflammatory bowel disease: clinical aspects and established and evolving therapies. Lancet, 2007, 369(9573), 1641-1657.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60751-X] [PMID: 17499606]
[6]
Harrell, L.E.; Hanauer, S.B. Mesalamine derivatives in the treatment of Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am., 2004, 33(2), 303-317. [ix-x.]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gtc.2004.02.010] [PMID: 15177540]
[7]
Singleton, J.W.; Hanauer, S.B.; Gitnick, G.L.; Peppercorn, M.A.; Robinson, M.G.; Wruble, L.D.; Krawitt, E.L. Mesalamine capsules for the treatment of active Crohn’s disease: results of a 16-week trial. Gastroenterology, 1993, 104(5), 1293-1301.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(93)90337-C] [PMID: 8482443]
[8]
Summers, R.W.; Switz, D.M.; Sessions, J.T., Jr; Becktel, J.M.; Best, W.R.; Kern, F., Jr; Singleton, J.W. National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study: results of drug treatment. Gastroenterology, 1979, 77(4 Pt 2), 847-869.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(79)90385-8] [PMID: 38176]
[9]
Rutgeerts, P.; Löfberg, R.; Malchow, H.; Lamers, C.; Olaison, G.; Jewell, D.; Danielsson, A.; Goebell, H.; Thomsen, O.O.; Lorenz-Meyer, H. A comparison of budesonide with prednisolone for active Crohn’s disease. N. Engl. J. Med., 1994, 331(13), 842-845.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199409293311304] [PMID: 8078530]
[10]
Gross, V.; Andus, T.; Caesar, I.; Bischoff, S.C.; Lochs, H.; Tromm, A.; Schulz, H.J.; Bär, U.; Weber, A.; Gierend, M.; Ewe, K.; Schölmerich, J. Oral pH-modified release budesonide versus 6-methylprednisolone in active Crohn’s disease. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 1996, 8(9), 905-909.
[PMID: 8889459]
[11]
Schroll, S.; Sarlette, A.; Ahrens, K.; Manns, M.P.; Göke, M. Effects of azathioprine and its metabolites on repair mechanisms of the intestinal epithelium in vitro. Regul. Pept., 2005, 131(1-3), 1-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regpep.2005.03.001] [PMID: 16122821]
[12]
Sandborn, W.; Sutherland, L.; Pearson, D.; May, G.; Modigliani, R.; Prantera, C. Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine for inducing remission of Crohn’s disease. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 2000, (2)CD000545
[PMID: 10796557]
[13]
Pearson, D.C.; May, G.R.; Fick, G.; Sutherland, L.R. Azathioprine for maintaining remission of Crohn’s disease. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 2000, (2)CD000067
[PMID: 10796482]
[14]
Levi, A.J.; Fisher, A.M.; Hughes, L.; Hendry, W.F. Male infertility due to sulphasalazine. Lancet, 1979, 2(8137), 276-278.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(79)90292-7] [PMID: 88609]
[15]
Jason, M.M.D.; Kane, S.V.; Feagins, L.A. Fertility and Contraception in Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2016, 12(2), 101-109.
[16]
Shin, T.; Okada, H. Infertility in men with inflammatory bowel disease. World J. Gastrointest. Pharmacol. Ther., 2016, 7(3), 361-369.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4292/wjgpt.v7.i3.361] [PMID: 27602237]
[17]
Dejaco, C.; Mittermaier, C.; Reinisch, W.; Gasche, C.; Waldhoer, T.; Strohmer, H.; Moser, G. Azathioprine treatment and male fertility in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology, 2001, 121(5), 1048-1053.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/gast.2001.28692] [PMID: 11677195]
[18]
Moher, D.; Liberati, A.; Tetzlaff, J.; Altman, D.G. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement., PLoS Med, 2009, 21, 6(7), e1000097
[19]
Scarpa, M.; Castagliuolo, I.; Castoro, C.; Pozza, A.; Scarpa, M.; Kotsafti, A.; Angriman, I. Inflammatory colonic carcinogenesis: a review on pathogenesis and immunosurveillance mechanisms in ulcerative colitis. World J. Gastroenterol., 2014, 20(22), 6774-6785.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i22.6774] [PMID: 24944468]
[20]
Angriman, I.; Scarpa, M.; Castagliuolo, I. Relationship between pouch microbiota and pouchitis following restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis., World J Gastroenterol, 2014, 7,20(29), 9665-9674.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.9665]
[21]
Zelissen, P.M.; van Hattum, J.; Poen, H.; Scholten, P.; Gerritse, R.; te Velde, E.R. Influence of salazosulphapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid on seminal qualities and male sex hormones. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 1988, 23(9), 1100-1104.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365528809090175] [PMID: 2907823]
[22]
Farthing, M.J.; Dawson, A.M. Impaired semen quality in Crohn’s disease--drugs, ill health, or undernutrition? Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 1983, 18(1), 57-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365528309181559] [PMID: 6144170]
[23]
Mahadevan, U.; Terdiman, J.P.; Aron, J.; Jacobsohn, S.; Turek, P. Infliximab and semen quality in men with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis., 2005, 11(4), 395-399.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.MIB.0000164023.10848.c4] [PMID: 15803031]
[24]
Birnie, G.G.; McLeod, T.I.; Watkinson, G. Incidence of sulphasalazine-induced male infertility. Gut, 1981, 22(6), 452-455.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.22.6.452] [PMID: 6114898]
[25]
Riley, S.A.; Lecarpentier, J.; Mani, V.; Goodman, M.J.; Mandal, B.K.; Turnberg, L.A. Sulphasalazine induced seminal abnormalities in ulcerative colitis: results of mesalazine substitution. Gut, 1987, 28(8), 1008-1012.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.28.8.1008] [PMID: 2889648]
[26]
Burnell, D.; Mayberry, J.; Calcraft, B.J.; Morris, J.S.; Rhodes, J. Male fertility in Crohn’s disease. Postgrad. Med. J., 1986, 62(726), 269-272.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.62.726.269] [PMID: 2872665]
[27]
O’Moráin, C.; Smethurst, P.; Doré, C.J.; Levi, A.J. Reversible male infertility due to sulphasalazine: studies in man and rat. Gut, 1984, 25(10), 1078-1084.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.25.10.1078] [PMID: 6148293]
[28]
Di Paolo, M.C.; Paoluzi, O.A.; Pica, R.; Iacopini, F.; Crispino, P.; Rivera, M.; Spera, G.; Paoluzi, P. Sulphasalazine and 5-aminosalicylic acid in long-term treatment of ulcerative colitis: report on tolerance and side-effects. Dig. Liver Dis., 2001, 33(7), 563-569.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1590-8658(01)80108-0] [PMID: 11816545]
[29]
Ludvigsson, J.F.; Ludvigsson, J. Inflammatory bowel disease in mother or father and neonatal outcome. Acta Paediatr., 2002, 91(2), 145-151.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2002.tb01686.x] [PMID: 11952000]
[30]
Kjaergaard, N.; Christensen, L.A.; Lauritsen, J.G.; Rasmussen, S.N.; Hansen, S.H. Effects of mesalazine substitution on salicylazosulfapyridine-induced seminal abnormalities in men with ulcerative colitis. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 1989, 24(7), 891-896.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365528909089231] [PMID: 2572047]
[31]
Shrestha, S.; Dhungel, S.; Saxena, A.K.; Bhattacharya, S.; Maskey, D. Effect of methotrexate (MTX) administration on spermatogenesis: an experimental on animal model. Nepal Med. Coll. J., 2007, 9(4), 230-233.
[PMID: 18298010]
[32]
Masuda, H.; Fujihira, S.; Ueno, H.; Kagawa, M.; Katsuoka, Y.; Mori, H. Ultrastructural study on cytotoxic effects of cyclosporine A in spermiogenesis in rats. Med. Electron Microsc., 2003, 36(3), 183-191.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00795-003-0213-4] [PMID: 14505063]
[33]
Saxena, A.K.; Dhungel, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Jha, C.B.; Srivastava, A.K. Effect of chronic low dose of methotrexate on cellular proliferation during spermatogenesis in rats. Arch. Androl., 2004, 50(1), 33-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01485010490250533] [PMID: 14660169]
[34]
Narendranathan, M.; Sandler, R.S.; Suchindran, C.M.; Savitz, D.A. Male infertility in inflammatory bowel disease. J. Clin. Gastroenterol., 1989, 11(4), 403-406.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004836-198908000-00011] [PMID: 2760429]
[35]
Timmer, A.; Bauer, A.; Kemptner, D.; Furst, A.; Rogler, G. Determinants of male sexual function in infl ammatory bowel disease: a survey-based cross-sectional analysis in 280 men. Inflamm. Bowel Dis., 2007, 13, 1236-1243.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ibd.20182] [PMID: 17508419]
[36]
Timmer, A.; Bauer, A.; Dignass, A.; Rogler, G. Sexual function in persons with inflammatory bowel disease: a survey with matched controls. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2007, 5(1), 87-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2006.10.018] [PMID: 17234557]
[37]
Heetun, Z.S.; Byrnes, C.; Neary, P.; O’Morain, C. Review article: Reproduction in the patient with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 2007, 26(4), 513-533.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03397.x] [PMID: 17661756]
[38]
Correia, L.M.; Bonilha, D.Q.; Ramos, J.D.; Ambrogini, O.; Miszputen, S.J. Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and pregnancy: a review of the literature. Arq. Gastroenterol., 2010, 47(2), 197-201.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-28032010000200016] [PMID: 20721468]
[39]
Tavernier, N.; Fumery, M.; Peyrin-Biroulet, L.; Colombel, J.F.; Gower-Rousseau, C. Systematic review: fertility in non-surgically treated inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 2013, 38(8), 847-853.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apt.12478] [PMID: 24004045]
[40]
Sauk, J.; Kane, S. The use of medications for inflammatory bowel disease during pregnancy and nursing. Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 2005, 6(11), 1833-1839.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.6.11.1833] [PMID: 16144504]
[41]
Taffet, S.L.; Das, K.M. Sulfasalazine. Adverse effects and desensitization. Dig. Dis. Sci., 1983, 28(9), 833-842.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01296907] [PMID: 6136396]
[42]
Feagins, L.A.; Kane, S.V. Sexual and reproductive issues for men with inflammatory bowel disease. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 2009, 104(3), 768-773.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2008.90] [PMID: 19223893]
[43]
Kornbluth, A.; Sachar, D.B. Ulcerative colitis practice guidelines in adults: American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 2010, 105(3), 501-523.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2009.727] [PMID: 20068560]
[44]
Rosenblatt, E.; Kane, S. Sex-Specific Issues in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. (N. Y.), 2015, 11(9), 592-601.
[PMID: 27482181]
[45]
Puchner, R.; Danninger, K.; Puchner, A.; Pieringer, H. Impact of TNF-blocking agents on male sperm characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in fathers exposed to TNF-blocking agents at time of conception. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol., 2012, 30(5), 765-767.
[PMID: 22935608]
[46]
Ramonda, R.; Foresta, C.; Ortolan, A.; Bertoldo, A.; Oliviero, F.; Lorenzin, M.; Pizzol, D.; Punzi, L.; Garolla, A. Influence of tumor necrosis factor α inhibitors on testicular function and semen in spondyloarthritis patients. Fertil. Steril., 2014, 101(2), 359-365.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.10.048] [PMID: 24332378]
[47]
Paschou, S.; Voulgari, P.V.; Vrabie, I.G.; Saougou, I.G.; Drosos, A.A. Fertility and reproduction in male patients with ankylosing spondylitis treated with infliximab. J. Rheumatol., 2009, 36(2), 351-354.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.080554] [PMID: 19040305]
[48]
Lautenschläger, C.; Schmidt, C.; Fischer, D.; Stallmach, A. Drug delivery strategies in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2014, 71, 58-76.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2013.10.001] [PMID: 24157534]
[49]
Colombel, J.F.; Sands, B.E.; Rutgeerts, P.; Sandborn, W.; Danese, S.; D’Haens, G.; Panaccione, R.; Loftus, E.V., Jr; Sankoh, S.; Fox, I.; Parikh, A.; Milch, C.; Abhyankar, B.; Feagan, B.G. The safety of vedolizumab for ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Gut, 2016, 0, 1-13.
[PMID: 26893500]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version455msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[06:19:52] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[06:19:53] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[06:19:53] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (126ms)time
  • Application (329ms)time
  • 1 x Application (72.34%)
    329ms
    1 x Booting (27.66%)
    126ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    37 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 33 unique. Show only duplicated235ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('51271243','',1,1740550792,1740550792) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740550792
      2.1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('51271243','/article/97278',1,1740550792,1740550792)
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51271243 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51271243) limit 1
      16.85msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 51271243
      • 1: 51271243
      • 2: 51271243
      • 3: 51271243
      • 4: 51271243
      • 5: 51271243
      • 6: 51271243
      • 7: 51271243
      • 8: 51271243
      • 9: 51271243
      • 10: 51271243
      • 11: 51271243
      • 12: 51271243
      • 13: 51271243
      • 14: 51271243
      • 15: 51271243
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=97278
      1.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 59 limit 1
      1.18msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 59
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=59) and sj.journal_id!=59 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.57msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=59) and sj.journal_id!=59 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      2.16msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=59) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      8.19msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=59) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      7.43msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '97278'
      1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 97278
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '97278'
      6.26msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 97278
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '97278' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      3.77msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 97278
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      660μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 59 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      45.3msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 59 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      15.6msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 59 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      12.56msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 97278 limit 1
      2.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 97278
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 97278 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      460μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid article_nid,a.title article_title,j.title journal_title from content_by_diseases cd inner join article a on a.article_id=cd.content_id inner join journal j on j.journal_id=a.journal_id where cd.pid = 283 and cd.sub_disease_id = 301 and content_id!=97278 and cd.content_type = 'article' order by rand() limit 20
      90.97msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#769
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:769
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2098
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 170675 limit 1
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 170675
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'EMIDDT' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: EMIDDT
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '97278' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      370μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '9323' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '2603' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51271243 and j.to_ip >=51271243 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740550793 and j.to_date >= 1740550793 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2603) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51271243 and j.to_ip >=51271243 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740550793 and j.to_date >= 1740550793 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2603) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51271243 and j.to_ip >=51271243 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740550793 and j.to_date >= 1740550793 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2603)
      6.33msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51271243 and j.to_ip >=51271243 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740550793 and j.to_date >= 1740550793 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9323) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51271243 and j.to_ip >=51271243 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740550793 and j.to_date >= 1740550793 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9323) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51271243 and j.to_ip >=51271243 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740550793 and j.to_date >= 1740550793 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9323)
      530μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51271243 and j.to_ip >=51271243 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740550793 and j.to_date >= 1740550793 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 97278) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51271243 and j.to_ip >=51271243 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740550793 and j.to_date >= 1740550793 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 97278) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51271243 and j.to_ip >=51271243 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740550793 and j.to_date >= 1740550793 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 97278)
      530μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '959' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9323 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      510μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 959
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '974' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9323 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      440μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 974
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      180μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      170μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 97278 limit 1
      2.25msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 97278
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 59 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740550793 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740550793 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.07msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 59
      • 3: 1740550793
      • 4: 1740550793
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 59 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740550793 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740550793 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.5msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 59
      • 3: 1740550793
      • 4: 1740550793
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='3c1eee7c2c4531cc59dcf766f78d8fba'
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        V9J2v7HSh6tAWiP4huVAJLiWc7yq8t8OL2qF0Y0H
        uc_cart_id
        3c1eee7c2c4531cc59dcf766f78d8fba
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/97278" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/97278
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Wed, 26 Feb 2025 06:19:53 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik5PSDBvV1NTWU9wWXB3SVl0VHoycmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYWlzQlR6cXFjSGhrbXVUeTVJcjR3ZytITkIrOFlZdFNuM2ZGMU8wMTFaOFNFTm9rRzVMakFUL1J1SWRhUHFYVlE2VFZJWDJXQ2VibG5wVGd0bDlqYmd2aUNra2lhMER0ayt3d1l6QVNKVFcwc1Y5dG9JZHFDSU9RUlpKRTBoUXYiLCJtYWMiOiIxMzQwNjljZjllOWU2Nzg4YmMyNmExMThmZTE4NDEzYmE4NTU5ODhiZGY2MGFhYmIwODRmNjUxNWUxZTYyNDA4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 18:19:53 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik5PSDBvV1NTWU9wWXB3SVl0VHoycmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYWlzQlR6cXFjSGhrbXVUeTVJcjR3ZytITkIrOFlZdFNuM2ZGMU8wMTFaOFNFTm9rRzVMakFUL1J1SWRhUHFYVlE2VFZJW" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjhVVUdFNHZheXNVMm5oOVpDaG4ySEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVHd5S2xyNzl5N3NzUytRQ3NFcUJKQ1M2aTJVWWtqTnZHRExxZy9kZVk4NnVvalhXczA0NERQVHFFTnJEM0pWeWxUTU9jTjgzd1RqekhwUnRTeXdQcUN4OVRVd3BZUEVxQ012QUEvQWNQN1REUWNyTEtXbFU0cGR1WURqTXVLOEsiLCJtYWMiOiJjZjdhYjczYmVjMWY4NDk3MGZkNTE3ZDk4ZjAxZDZkYTZhNzVlZDVhYzhiOTQ1YTg5ZWE4MmU4NjQzMTgwNzlhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjhVVUdFNHZheXNVMm5oOVpDaG4ySEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVHd5S2xyNzl5N3NzUytRQ3NFcUJKQ1M2aTJVWWtqTnZHRExxZy9kZVk4NnVvalhXczA0NERQVHF" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik5PSDBvV1NTWU9wWXB3SVl0VHoycmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYWlzQlR6cXFjSGhrbXVUeTVJcjR3ZytITkIrOFlZdFNuM2ZGMU8wMTFaOFNFTm9rRzVMakFUL1J1SWRhUHFYVlE2VFZJWDJXQ2VibG5wVGd0bDlqYmd2aUNra2lhMER0ayt3d1l6QVNKVFcwc1Y5dG9JZHFDSU9RUlpKRTBoUXYiLCJtYWMiOiIxMzQwNjljZjllOWU2Nzg4YmMyNmExMThmZTE4NDEzYmE4NTU5ODhiZGY2MGFhYmIwODRmNjUxNWUxZTYyNDA4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 18:19:53 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik5PSDBvV1NTWU9wWXB3SVl0VHoycmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYWlzQlR6cXFjSGhrbXVUeTVJcjR3ZytITkIrOFlZdFNuM2ZGMU8wMTFaOFNFTm9rRzVMakFUL1J1SWRhUHFYVlE2VFZJW" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjhVVUdFNHZheXNVMm5oOVpDaG4ySEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVHd5S2xyNzl5N3NzUytRQ3NFcUJKQ1M2aTJVWWtqTnZHRExxZy9kZVk4NnVvalhXczA0NERQVHFFTnJEM0pWeWxUTU9jTjgzd1RqekhwUnRTeXdQcUN4OVRVd3BZUEVxQ012QUEvQWNQN1REUWNyTEtXbFU0cGR1WURqTXVLOEsiLCJtYWMiOiJjZjdhYjczYmVjMWY4NDk3MGZkNTE3ZDk4ZjAxZDZkYTZhNzVlZDVhYzhiOTQ1YTg5ZWE4MmU4NjQzMTgwNzlhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjhVVUdFNHZheXNVMm5oOVpDaG4ySEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVHd5S2xyNzl5N3NzUytRQ3NFcUJKQ1M2aTJVWWtqTnZHRExxZy9kZVk4NnVvalhXczA0NERQVHF" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "V9J2v7HSh6tAWiP4huVAJLiWc7yq8t8OL2qF0Y0H" "uc_cart_id" => "3c1eee7c2c4531cc59dcf766f78d8fba" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/97278" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-26 06:19:53GET/article/97278314371