[1]
Broadbent DE, Gregory M. Some confirmatory results on age differences in memory for simultaneous stimulation. Br J Psychol 1965; 56(1): 77-80.
[2]
Gosselin PA, Gagné JP. Older adults expend more listening effort than younger adults recognizing speech in noise. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2011; 54(6): 944-58.
[3]
Gosselin P, Gagné JP. Use of dual-task paradigm to measure listening effort. Canadian J Speech Lang Pathol Audiol 2010 Spr; 34(1): 43-51
[4]
Hornsby BWY. The effects of hearing aid use on listening effort and mental fatigue associated with sustained speech processing demands. Ear Hear 2013; 34(5): 523-34.
[5]
Kahneman D. Attention and effort. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall 1973.
[6]
Sarampalis A, Kalluri S, Edwards B, et al. Objective measures of listening effort: Effects of background noise and noise reduction. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2009; 52(5): 1230-40.
[7]
Somberg BL, Salthouse TA. Divided attention abilities in young and old adults. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 1982; 8(5): 651-63.
[8]
Tun PA, McCoy S, Wingfield A. Aging, hearing acuity, and the attentional costs of effortful listening. Psychol Aging 2009; 24(3): 761-6.
[9]
Gagne JP, Jana B, Ulrike L. Behavioral assessment of listening effort using a dual-task paradigm. Trends Hear 2017; 21: 2331216516687287.
[10]
Akeryod MA. Are individual differences in speech reception related to individual differences in cognitive ability? A survey of twenty experimental studies with normal and hearing-impaired adults. Int J Audiol 2008; 47(2): S53-71.
[11]
Edwards B. A model of auditory-cognitive processing and relevance to clinical applicability. Ear Hear 2016; 37(1): 85S-91S.
[12]
Lemke U, Besser J. Cognitive load and listening effort: Concepts and age-related considerations. Ear Hear 2016; 31(1): 77S-84S.
[13]
Phillips NA. The implications of cognitive aging for listening and the Framework for Understanding Effortful listening (FUEL). Ear Hear 2016; 37: 44S-51S.
[14]
Pichora-Fuller MK, Kramer SE, Eckert MA, et al. Hearing impairment and cognitive energy: The Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening (FUEL). Ear Hear 2016; 37(1): 5S-27S.
[15]
Rudner M. Cognitive spare capacity as an index of listening effort. Ear Hear 2016; 37(1): 69S-76S.
[16]
Tremblay KL, Backer KC. Listening and learning: Cognitive contributions to the rehabilitation of older adults with and without audiometrically defined hearing loss. Ear Hear 2016; 37: 155S-62S.
[17]
Wu Y, Stangl E, Zhang X, et al. Psychometric functions of dual-task paradigms for measuring listening effort. Ear Hear 2016; 37(6): 660-70.
[18]
Picou EM, Ricketts TA. The effect of changing the secondary task in dual-task paradigms for measuring listening effort. Ear Hear 2014; 35(6): 611-22.
[19]
Desjardins JL, Doherty KA. Age-related changes in listening effort for various types of masker noises. Ear Hear 2013; 34: 261-72.
[20]
Pichora-Fuller MK, Schneider BA, Daneman M. How young and old adults listen to and remember speech in noise. J Acoust Soc Am 1995; 97(1): 593-608.
[21]
Picou EM, Gordon J, Ricketts TA. The effects of noise and reverberation on listening effort in adults with normal hearing. Ear Hear 2016; 37(1): 1-13.
[22]
Wu Y, Aksan N, Rizzo M, et al. Measuring listening effort: Driving simulator versus simple dual-task paradigm. Ear Hear 2014; 35(6): 623-32.
[23]
Desjardins JL, Doherty KA. The effect of hearing aid noise reduction on listening effort in hearing-impaired adults. Ear Hear 2014; 35(6): 600-10.
[24]
Humes LE, Lee JH, Coughlin MP. Auditory measures of selective and divided attention in young and older adults using single-talker competition. J Acoust Soc Am 2006; 120: 2926-37.
[25]
Degeest S, Keppler H, Corthals P. The effect of age on listening effort. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2015; 58: 1592-600.
[26]
Smith SL, Pichora-Fuller MK, Alexander G. Development of the word auditory recognition and recall measure: A working memory test for use in rehabilitative audiology. Ear Hear 2016; 37(6): e360.
[27]
Picou EM, Ricketts TA, Hornsby BWY. Visual cues and listening effort: Individual variability. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2011; 54: 1416-30.
[28]
Woodcock RW, Mather N, McGrew KS. Woodcock-Johnson III tests of cognitive abilities examiner’s manual. Itasca, IL: Riverside 2001.
[29]
ISO International Standards Organization. ISO 7029: 2000, The statistical distribution of hearing thresholds as a function of age, 2000
[30]
Oldfield RC. The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 1971; 9: 97-113.
[31]
Levitt H. Transformed Up-Down Methods in Psychoacoustics. J Acoust Soc Am 1971; 49(2B): 467.
[32]
Bilger RC, Nuetzel JM, Rabinowitz WM, et al. Standardization of a test of speech perception in noise. J Speech Hear Res 1984; 27(1): 32-48.
[33]
Kalikow DN, Stevens KN, Elliott LL. Development of a test of speech intelligibility in noise using sentence materials with controlled word predictability. J Acoust Soc Am 1977; 61: 1337-51.
[34]
Hirsh IJ. The Measurement of Hearing. New York, NY: McGraw Hill 1952.
[35]
Cedrus Corporation. (2008). SuperLab (Version 4.5) [Computer Software]. United States.
[36]
Daneman M, Carpenter PA. Individual differences in working memory and reading. J Verbal Learn Verbal Behav 1980; 19: 450-66.
[37]
McAuliffe MJ, Wilding PJ, Rickard NA, et al. Effect of speaker age on speech recognition and perceived listening effort in older adults with hearing loss. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2012; 55: 839-47.
[38]
Koelwijn T, Zekveld A, Festen J, et al. Pupil dilation uncovers extra listening effort in the presence of a single-talker masker. Ear Hear 2012; 2: 291-300.
[39]
Arlingern S, Lunner T, Lyxell B, et al. The emergence of cognitive hearing science. Scand J Psychol 2009; 50(5): 371.
[40]
Humes LE, Young LA. Sensory-cognitive interactions in older adults. Ear Hear 2016; 37: 152S-61S.
[41]
Ansado J, Marsolais Y, Methqal I, et al. The adaptive aging brain: Evidence from the preservation of communication abilities with age. Eur J Neurosci 2013; 37(12): 1887-95.
[43]
Townsend J, Adamo M, Haist F. Changing channels: An fMRI study of aging and cross-modal attention shifts. Neuroimage 2006; 31: 1682-92.
[45]
Lin FR, Metter EJ, O’Brien RJ, et al. Hearing loss and incident dementia. Arch Neurol 2011; 68(2): 214-20.
[46]
Wei J, Hu Y, Zhang L, et al. Haring impairment, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia: A meta-analsis of cohort studies. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2017; 7: 440-52.
[47]
Thomson RS, Auduong P, Miller AT, et al. Hearing loss as a risk factor for dementia: A systematic review. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2017; 2: 69-79.
[48]
Zheng Y, Fan S, Liao W, et al. Hearing impairment and risk of Alzheimer’s disease: A metaanalysis of prospective cohort studies. Neurol Sci 2017; 38: 233-9.
[49]
Zekveld AA, Kramer SE. Cognitive processing load across a wide range of listening conditions: Insights from pupillometry. Psychophysiology 2014; 51(3): 277-84.
[50]
Lin F, Albert M. Hearing loss and Dementia-Who’s listening? Aging Ment Health 2014; 18(6): 671-3.
74
2