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Current Pharmaceutical Design

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

Review Article

Treatment of Hypertension Induced Target Organ Damage in Children and Adolescents

Author(s): Katerina Chrysaidou and Stella Stabouli*

Volume 24, Issue 37, 2018

Page: [4378 - 4384] Pages: 7

DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666181127095450

Price: $65

Abstract

High blood pressure in children and adolescents may have an adverse impact on the heart, the vessels, the kidney, and the central nervous system causing early functional or structural changes. The most prevalent subclinical hypertensive target organ damage in children and adolescents is left ventricular hypertrophy, and echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular mass is suggested in all hypertensive children. There is evolving evidence that antihypertensive treatment in children and adolescents could lead to regression of target organ damage, emphasizing also the importance of adequate blood pressure control. Assessment of subclinical organ damage could guide clinical decisions from diagnosis with regard to intensity non-pharmacological treatment, time to wait for initiation of pharmacological treatment, and choice of drug. Longitudinal studies are needed to relate the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment and blood pressure targets in childhood with future cardiovascular or renal events. This review summarizes evidence on the associations of hypertension with target organ damage in children and adolescents and the role of antihypertensive therapy on the regression of target organ damage in the pediatric age group.

Keywords: Hypertension, children, left ventricular hypertrophy, carotid intima-media thickness, executive function, antihypertensive treatment.


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