Review Article

从蛋白质序列预测离子通道及其类型:综述与比较评价

卷 20, 期 5, 2019

页: [579 - 592] 页: 14

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450119666181022153942

价格: $65

摘要

背景:离子通道是一个大而生长的蛋白质家族。其中许多与疾病有关,因此,它们是700多种药物的目标。新离子通道的发现有助于通过计算方法从蛋白质序列预测离子通道及其类型。然而,这些方法从未得到全面的比较和评价。 目的:本文首次对离子通道序列预测因子进行了综合调查。我们描述了八个预测因子,包括五种预测离子通道的方法、它们的类型和四类电压门控通道。我们还开发并使用一个新的基准数据集对三个现有预测因子进行了比较经验分析。 结果:虽然发表了几种依赖不同设计的方法,但只有少数方法是目前可用的,并提供了广泛的预测范围。当考虑采用新的出版方法时,应要求出版后的支持和可用性。经验分析表明,离子通道预测性能较好,离子通道类型和电压门控通道类别预测性能一般。我们发现了当前方法的一个实质性弱点,即不能准确预测被分类为多个类/类型的离子通道。 结论:离子通道的几种预测因子可供最终用户使用。它们提供实际水平的预测质量。依赖于更大、更多样化的预测输入(如psionplus)的方法更准确。应该开发新的工具来处理离子通道的多标签预测。

关键词: 离子通道,电压门控离子通道,配体门控离子通道,预测。

图形摘要

[1]
Domene CS, Haider MSP. Sansom, Ion channel structures: a review of recent progress. Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel 2003; 6(5): 611-9.
[2]
Bagal SK, Brown AD, Cox PJ, et al. Ion channels as therapeutic targets: a drug discovery perspective. J Med Chem 2013; 56(3): 593-624.
[3]
Ger MF, Rendon G, Tilson JL, Jakobsson E, et al. Domain-based identification and analysis of glutamate receptor ion channels and their relatives in prokaryotes. PLoS One 2010; 5(10): e12827.
[4]
Tabassum N, Ahmed F. Ion Channels and their Modulation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 1(1): 20-5.
[5]
Bech-Hansen NT, Naylor MJ, Maybaum TA, et al. Loss-of-function mutations in a calcium-channel alpha1-subunit gene in Xp11.23 cause incomplete X-linked congenital stationary night blindness. Nat Genet 1998; 19(3): 264-7.
[6]
Jentsch TJ. Neuronal KCNQ potassium channels: physiology and role in disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2000; 1(1): 21-30.
[7]
Peters DJ, Spruit L, Saris JJ, et al. Chromosome 4 localization of a second gene for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Nat Genet 1993; 5(4): 359-62.
[8]
Curran ME, Splawski I, Timothy KW, et al. A molecular basis for cardiac arrhythmia: HERG mutations cause long QT syndrome. Cell 1995; 80(5): 795-803.
[9]
Wang Q, Shen J, Splawski I, et al. SCN5A mutations associated with an inherited cardiac arrhythmia, long QT syndrome. Cell 1995; 80(5): 805-11.
[10]
Lafreniere RG, Cader MZ, Poulin JF, et al. A dominant-negative mutation in the TRESK potassium channel is linked to familial migraine with aura. Nat Med 2010; 16(10): 1157-U1501.
[11]
Kaczorowski GJ, McManus OB, Priest BT, et al. Ion channels as drug targets: The next GPCRs. JGP 2008; 131(5): 399-405.
[12]
Sheu S-S, Lederer W. Lidocaine’s negative inotropic and antiarrhythmic actions. Dependence on shortening of action potential duration and reduction of intracellular sodium activity. Circ Res 1985; 57(4): 578-90.
[13]
Skov MJ, Beck JC, de Kater AW, et al. Nonclinical safety of ziconotide: an intrathecal analgesic of a new pharmaceutical class. Int J Toxicol 2007; 26(5): 411-21.
[14]
Schmidtko A, Lötsch J, Freynhagen R, Geisslinger G, et al. Ziconotide for treatment of severe chronic pain. Lancet 2010; 375(9725): 1569-77.
[15]
Santos R, Ursu O, Gaulton A, et al. A comprehensive map of molecular drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017; 16(1): 19.
[16]
Gabashvili IS, Sokolowski BH, Morton CC, Giersch AB, et al. Ion Channel Gene Expression in the Inner Ear. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2007; 8(3): 305-28.
[17]
Consortium U. UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46(5): 2699.
[18]
Saha S, Zack J, Singh B, Raghava GP, et al. VGIchan: prediction and classification of voltage-gated ion channels. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 2006; 4(4): 253-8.
[19]
Chen W, Lin H. Identification of voltage-gated potassium channel subfamilies from sequence information using support vector machine. Comput Biol Med 2012; 42(4): 504-7.
[20]
Liu LX, Li ML, Tan FY, et al. Local sequence information‐based support vector machine to classify voltage‐gated potassium channels. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2006; 38(6): 363-71.
[21]
Liu W, Deng EZ, Chen W, Lin H. Identifying the subfamilies of voltage-gated potassium channels using feature selection technique. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15(7): 12940-51.
[22]
Gao J, Cui W, Sheng Y, et al. PSIONplus: Accurate sequence-based predictor of ion channels and their types. PLoS One 2016; 11(4): e0152964.
[23]
Lin H, Ding H. Predicting ion channels and their types by the dipeptide mode of pseudo amino acid composition. J Theor Biol 2011; 269(1): 64-9.
[24]
Tiwari AK, Srivastava R. An efficient approach for the prediction of ion channels and their subfamilies. Comput Biol Chem 2015; 58: 205-21.
[25]
Zhao YW, Su ZD, Yang W, et al. IonchanPred 2.0: a tool to predict ion channels and their types. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18(9)
[26]
Altschul SF, Madden TL, Schäffer AA, et al. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res 1997; 25(17): 3389-402.
[27]
Cao R, Cheng J. Integrated protein function prediction by mining function associations, sequences, and protein-protein and gene-gene interaction networks. Methods 2016; 93: 84-91.
[28]
Cao R, Cheng J. Protein single-model quality assessment by feature-based probability density functions. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 23990.
[29]
Cao R, Freitas C, Chan L, et al. ProLanGO: Protein function prediction using neural machine translation based on a recurrent neural network. Mol 2017; 22(10).
[30]
Cao R, Wang Z, Wang Y, Cheng J. SMOQ: a tool for predicting the absolute residue-specific quality of a single protein model with support vector machines. BMC Bioinformatics 2014; 15: 120.
[31]
Meng F, Uversky VN, Kurgan L. Comprehensive review of methods for prediction of intrinsic disorder and its molecular functions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74(17): 3069-90.
[32]
Hayat M, Khan A. Mem-PHybrid: Hybrid features-based prediction system for classifying membrane protein types. Anal Biochem 2012; 424(1): 35-44.
[33]
Meng F, Wang C, Kurgan L. fDETECT webserver: fast predictor of propensity for protein production, purification, and crystallization. BMC Bioinformatics 2018; 18(1): 580.
[34]
Mishra NK, Chang J, Zhao PX. Prediction of membrane transport proteins and their substrate specificities using primary sequence information. PLoS One 2014; 9(6): e100278.
[35]
Peng Z, Kurgan L. High-throughput prediction of RNA, DNA and protein binding regions mediated by intrinsic disorder. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43(18): e121-1.
[36]
Gao J, Eshel F, Yaoqi Z, Jishou R, Lukasz K. BEST: improved prediction of B-cell epitopes from antigen sequences. PLoS One 2012; 7(6): e40104.
[37]
Xianfang W, Wang J, Wang X, Zhang Y. Predicting the Types of Ion Channel-Targeted Conotoxins Based on AVC-SVM Model. J BioMed Res Int 2017; 2017: 8.
[38]
Nugent T, Jones DT. Detecting pore-lining regions in transmembrane protein sequences. BMC Bioinformatics 2012; 13: 169.
[39]
Zheng C, Kurgan L. Prediction of beta-turns at over 80% accuracy based on an ensemble of predicted secondary structures and multiple alignments. BMC Bioinformatics 2008; 9: 430-0.
[40]
Yan J, Marcus M, Kurgan L. Comprehensively designed consensus of standalone secondary structure predictors improves Q3 by over 3%. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 32(1): 36-51.
[41]
Yan J, Mizianty MJ, Filipow PL, Uversky VN, Kurgan L. RAPID: Fast and accurate sequence-based prediction of intrinsic disorder content on proteomic scale. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1834(8): 1671-80.
[42]
Kumar R, Kumari B, Kumar M. Proteome-wide prediction and annotation of mitochondrial and sub-mitochondrial proteins by incorporating domain information. Mitochondrion 2018; 42: 11-22.
[43]
Hayat S, Elofsson A. BOCTOPUS: improved topology prediction of transmembrane β barrel proteins. Bioinformatics 2012; 28(4): 516-22.
[44]
Disfani FM, Hsu WL, Mizianty MJ, et al. MoRFpred, a computational tool for sequence-based prediction and characterization of short disorder-to-order transitioning binding regions in proteins. Bioinformatics 2012; 28(12): i75-83.
[45]
Zhang T, Zhang H, Chen K, et al. Accurate sequence-based prediction of catalytic residues. Bioinformatics 2008; 24(20): 2329-38.
[46]
Kurgan L, Cios K, Chen K. SCPRED: Accurate prediction of protein structural class for sequences of twilight-zone similarity with predicting sequences. BMC Bioinformatics 2008; 9: 226-6.
[47]
Chen K, Mizianty MJ, Kurgan L. ATPsite: sequence-based prediction of ATP-binding residues. Proteome Sci 2011; 9(Suppl. 1): S4-4.
[48]
Cao R, Debswapna B, Jie H, Jianlin C. DeepQA: improving the estimation of single protein model quality with deep belief networks. BMC Bioinformatics 2016; 17(1): 495.
[49]
Gao J, Yang Y, Zhou Y. Grid-based prediction of torsion angle probabilities of protein backbone and its application to discrimination of protein intrinsic disorder regions and selection of model structures. BMC Bioinformatics 2018; 19(1): 29.
[50]
Gao J, Yang Y, Zhou Y. Predicting the errors of predicted local backbone angles and non-local solvent- accessibilities of proteins by deep neural networks. Bioinformatics 2016; 32(24): 3768-73.
[51]
Fu L, Niu B, Zhu Z, Wu S, Li W, et al. CD-HIT: accelerated for clustering the next-generation sequencing data. Bioinformatics 2012; 28(23): 3150-2.
[52]
Huang Y, Niu B, Gao Y, Fu L, Li W, et al. CD-HIT Suite: a web server for clustering and comparing biological sequences. Bioinformatics 2010; 26(5): 680-2.
[53]
Wang H, Feng L, Webb GI, et al. Critical evaluation of bioinformatics tools for the prediction of protein crystallization propensity. Brief Bioinform 2017; 18(6): 1092.
[54]
Yan J, Friedrich S, Kurgan L. A comprehensive comparative review of sequence-based predictors of DNA- and RNA-binding residues. Brief Bioinform 2016; 17(1): 88-105.
[55]
Zhao H, Yang Y, Zhou Y. Prediction of RNA binding proteins comes of age from low resolution to high resolution. Mol Biosyst 2013; 9(10): 2417-25.
[56]
Peng Z, Mizianty MJ, Kurgan L. Genome-scale prediction of proteins with long intrinsically disordered regions. Proteins 2014; 82(1): 145-58.
[57]
Zheng C, Kurgan L. Prediction of beta-turns at over 80% accuracy based on an ensemble of predicted secondary structures and multiple alignments. BMC Bioinformatics 2008; 9: 430.
[58]
Jiang Q, Jin X, Lee SJ, Yao S, et al. Protein secondary structure prediction: A survey of the state of the art. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 76: 379-402.
[59]
Zhang H, Zhang T, Chen K, et al. Critical assessment of high-throughput standalone methods for secondary structure prediction. Brief Bioinform 2011; 12(6): 672-88.
[60]
Gao J, Zhang N, Ruan J. Prediction of protein modification sites of gamma-carboxylation using position specific scoring matrices based evolutionary information. Comput Biol Chem 2013; 47: 215-20.
[61]
Wang T, Zheng W, Wuyun Q, et al. PrAS: Prediction of amidation sites using multiple feature extraction. Comput Biol Chem 2017; 66: 57-62.
[62]
Mizianty MJ, Kurgan L. Improved identification of outer membrane beta barrel proteins using primary sequence, predicted secondary structure, and evolutionary information. Proteins 2011; 79(1): 294-303.
[63]
Tsaousis GN, Hamodrakas SJ, Bagos PG. Predicting Beta Barrel Transmembrane Proteins Using HMMs. Hidden Markov Models: Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1552: 43-61.
[64]
Miao Z, Westhof E. A Large-Scale Assessment of Nucleic Acids Binding Site Prediction Programs. PLOS Comput Biol 2015; 11(12): e1004639.
[65]
Zhang J, Ma Z, Kurgan L. Comprehensive review and empirical analysis of hallmarks of DNA-, RNA- and protein-binding residues in protein chains. Brief Bioinform 2017.
[66]
Ding XM, Pan XY, Xu C, Shen HB. Computational prediction of DNA-protein interactions: a review. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2010; 6(3): 197-206.
[67]
Walia RR, El-Manzalawy Y, Honavar VG, Dobbs D, et al. Sequence-based prediction of rna-binding residues in proteins. Prediction of Protein Secondary Structure. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1484: 205-35.
[68]
Yan J, Kurgan L. DRNApred, fast sequence-based method that accurately predicts and discriminates DNA- and RNA-binding residues. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45(10): e84.
[69]
Zhang J, Kurgan L. Review and comparative assessment of sequence-based predictors of protein-binding residues. Brief Bioinform 2018; 19(5): 821-37.
[70]
Zhang ML, Zhou ZH. A review on multi-label learning algorithms. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 2014; 26(8): 1819-37.
[71]
Cerri R, Barros RC, André CPLF, et al. Reduction strategies for hierarchical multi-label classification in protein function prediction. BMC Bioinformatics 2016; 17: 373.
[72]
Wan S, Mak M-W, Kung S-Y. Mem-ADSVM: A two-layer multi-label predictor for identifying multi-functional types of membrane proteins. J Theor Biol 2016; 398: 32-42.
[73]
Stojanova D, Ceci M, Malerba D, Dzeroski S. Using PPI network autocorrelation in hierarchical multi-label classification trees for gene function prediction. BMC Bioinformatics 2013; 14: 285.
[74]
Guo X, Fulin L, Ying J, Zhen W, Chunyu W, et al. Human protein subcellular localization with integrated source and multi-label ensemble classifier. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 28087.
[75]
Xu Y-Y, Yang F, Shen H-B. Incorporating organelle correlations into semi-supervised learning for protein subcellular localization prediction. Bioinformatics 2016; 32(14): 2184-92.
[76]
Wan S, Duan Y, Zou Q. HPSLPred: an ensemble multi-label classifier for human protein subcellular location prediction with Imbalanced Source. Proteomics 2017; 17(17-18)

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version288msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[14:56:48] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[14:56:48] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[14:56:48] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (94.96ms)time
  • Application (193ms)time
  • 1 x Application (66.97%)
    193ms
    1 x Booting (33.02%)
    94.96ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    40 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 36 unique. Show only duplicated107ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('221988192','',1,1740495408,1740495408) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740495408
      950μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('221988192','/article/93893/cn',1,1740495408,1740495408)
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 221988192 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 221988192) limit 1
      13.78msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 221988192
      • 1: 221988192
      • 2: 221988192
      • 3: 221988192
      • 4: 221988192
      • 5: 221988192
      • 6: 221988192
      • 7: 221988192
      • 8: 221988192
      • 9: 221988192
      • 10: 221988192
      • 11: 221988192
      • 12: 221988192
      • 13: 221988192
      • 14: 221988192
      • 15: 221988192
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=93893
      650μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 13 limit 1
      750μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 13
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and sj.journal_id!=13 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.27msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and sj.journal_id!=13 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      830μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.27msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      1.17msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '93893'
      2.12msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 93893
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '93893'
      3.83msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 93893
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '93893' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      1.84msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 93893
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      410μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 13 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      27.22msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 13 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      10.37msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 13 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      9.91msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 93893 limit 1
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 93893
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 93893 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 166525 limit 1
      180μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 166525
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CDT' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CDT
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '93893' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '8946' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      290μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '2521' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221988192 and j.to_ip >=221988192 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495408 and j.to_date >= 1740495408 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2521) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221988192 and j.to_ip >=221988192 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495408 and j.to_date >= 1740495408 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2521) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221988192 and j.to_ip >=221988192 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495408 and j.to_date >= 1740495408 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2521)
      10.27msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221988192 and j.to_ip >=221988192 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495408 and j.to_date >= 1740495408 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 8946) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221988192 and j.to_ip >=221988192 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495408 and j.to_date >= 1740495408 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 8946) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221988192 and j.to_ip >=221988192 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495408 and j.to_date >= 1740495408 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 8946)
      570μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221988192 and j.to_ip >=221988192 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495408 and j.to_date >= 1740495408 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 93893) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221988192 and j.to_ip >=221988192 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495408 and j.to_date >= 1740495408 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 93893) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221988192 and j.to_ip >=221988192 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495408 and j.to_date >= 1740495408 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 93893)
      560μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '579' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 8946 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      480μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 579
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '592' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 8946 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      430μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 592
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'cn'
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2486
      Bindings
      • 0: cn
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2486
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 2
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2487
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `multilanguage_article` where (`language_id` = 2 and `article_id` = 93893)
      5.68msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2488
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      • 1: 93893
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2488
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `keyword` from `multilanguage_keywords` where (`language_id` = 2 and `article_id` = 93893)
      2.41msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2489
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      • 1: 93893
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2489
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ', ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs , `au`.*, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `multilanguage_authors` as `au` left join `multilanguage_author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = 93893 group by `au`.`id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      3.76msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLangAuthor.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 93893
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLangAuthor.php:30
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2493
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `multilanguage_journal`.`title` from `multilanguage_journal` where `multilanguage_journal`.`journal_id` = 13 and `language_id` = 2
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2495
      Bindings
      • 0: 13
      • 1: 2
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2495
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 93893 limit 1
      1.3msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 93893
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 13 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740495408 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740495408 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 13
      • 3: 1740495408
      • 4: 1740495408
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 13 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740495408 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740495408 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.04msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 13
      • 3: 1740495408
      • 4: 1740495408
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='db7d441f4371fca199fc6ba4cee88517'
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLangArticle
    2MultiLangArticle.php#?
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        Akucs8WPz1nbVfhy50ld5btNuhIV01CnLbR7QgY8
        uc_cart_id
        db7d441f4371fca199fc6ba4cee88517
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/93893/cn" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/93893/cn
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:9 [ "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IkNuQXJuUTZJT0d4K0dZL2ljdVJOUHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNTRwUm9jbUtDdzNWWXNGUjdmVUg3UUdFdWNrZzJLT3JtQ0hnMmg2ZVVPaz0iLCJtYWMiOiI4MzJjODNlYzhlZjliN2FjMzE0ZTE1YzU2N2VmYTlmMjA0ZjI3OGM5ZDllZmMwZWIwZThmMGIyNzMwZGIyYjBkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IkNuQXJuUTZJT0d4K0dZL2ljdVJOUHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNTRwUm9jbUtDdzNWWXNGUjdmVUg3UUdFdWNrZzJLT3JtQ0hnMmg2ZVVPaz0iLCJtYWMiOiI4MzJjODNlYzhlZjli" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 14:56:48 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InpaWVRDSG93Vlo5VE9SVi93Y2ZuQ0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZVluZTJNMUsweVhsQUtUNnAzSzNLYndJam9vSWhMZmFaWnh1dWNJcFkrRlpCOW5pSlN6SXUxY2V2cU9Yb0h2UGM0d0xaUENPYnlYRTVGWm9oWVllQjIxMTd4eVRmVHRlVWx0aE5WSHZMRnYvbXZxUlZnTlRNYUVFTXZ3dXJqVDkiLCJtYWMiOiI2ZDMyMTBmMDhiZmRiN2UxMmNjNzY4ZjI2MDk3MWE4Njg5N2M2NDQyZTQ2N2ZhZmNkZDgzYmFiY2ZiMGU5NDEwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 02:56:48 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InpaWVRDSG93Vlo5VE9SVi93Y2ZuQ0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZVluZTJNMUsweVhsQUtUNnAzSzNLYndJam9vSWhMZmFaWnh1dWNJcFkrRlpCOW5pSlN6SXUxY2V2cU9Yb0h2UGM0d0xaU" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJYNnl2cmdtM0t4ekIydGI2RXQyTmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSkc0eVhDZmwwYWtybWtBeGljaVc0R3lUWDh6N3hjRTI3SVZYWk9adXpFcFpscHRLaXFTN3JFd2FXZ3hGcWVsV3ZlaG82YzZLNEtrb0VmbFZHTWxoOG1nbWxMUU1ZeEtZYWhKeEFTWnJXQm9xMTVZRmpLUlJpRnUzcW9xV1BEV0IiLCJtYWMiOiJlMWVkYjQ4ZTZiZjM1MTEzZjI1Mjk1ZGI0OGU2M2UzNjIyYzk0MDVmYzU1MWYyMjBkZjc3NGQ2ODI4MzdjOGY3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJYNnl2cmdtM0t4ekIydGI2RXQyTmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSkc0eVhDZmwwYWtybWtBeGljaVc0R3lUWDh6N3hjRTI3SVZYWk9adXpFcFpscHRLaXFTN3JFd2F" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InpaWVRDSG93Vlo5VE9SVi93Y2ZuQ0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZVluZTJNMUsweVhsQUtUNnAzSzNLYndJam9vSWhMZmFaWnh1dWNJcFkrRlpCOW5pSlN6SXUxY2V2cU9Yb0h2UGM0d0xaUENPYnlYRTVGWm9oWVllQjIxMTd4eVRmVHRlVWx0aE5WSHZMRnYvbXZxUlZnTlRNYUVFTXZ3dXJqVDkiLCJtYWMiOiI2ZDMyMTBmMDhiZmRiN2UxMmNjNzY4ZjI2MDk3MWE4Njg5N2M2NDQyZTQ2N2ZhZmNkZDgzYmFiY2ZiMGU5NDEwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 02:56:48 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InpaWVRDSG93Vlo5VE9SVi93Y2ZuQ0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZVluZTJNMUsweVhsQUtUNnAzSzNLYndJam9vSWhMZmFaWnh1dWNJcFkrRlpCOW5pSlN6SXUxY2V2cU9Yb0h2UGM0d0xaU" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJYNnl2cmdtM0t4ekIydGI2RXQyTmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSkc0eVhDZmwwYWtybWtBeGljaVc0R3lUWDh6N3hjRTI3SVZYWk9adXpFcFpscHRLaXFTN3JFd2FXZ3hGcWVsV3ZlaG82YzZLNEtrb0VmbFZHTWxoOG1nbWxMUU1ZeEtZYWhKeEFTWnJXQm9xMTVZRmpLUlJpRnUzcW9xV1BEV0IiLCJtYWMiOiJlMWVkYjQ4ZTZiZjM1MTEzZjI1Mjk1ZGI0OGU2M2UzNjIyYzk0MDVmYzU1MWYyMjBkZjc3NGQ2ODI4MzdjOGY3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJYNnl2cmdtM0t4ekIydGI2RXQyTmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSkc0eVhDZmwwYWtybWtBeGljaVc0R3lUWDh6N3hjRTI3SVZYWk9adXpFcFpscHRLaXFTN3JFd2F" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "Akucs8WPz1nbVfhy50ld5btNuhIV01CnLbR7QgY8" "uc_cart_id" => "db7d441f4371fca199fc6ba4cee88517" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/93893/cn" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 14:56:48GET/article/93893/cn314403