摘要
背景：结核病（TB）是世界范围内死亡的主要原因之一，仅根据症状和体征难以诊断。正在不断研究TB检测方法，以设计用于TB诊断的新型有效临床工具。目的：本文回顾了在潜伏期和活动期诊断结核病的方法，并认识了基于纳米材料的前瞻性结核病诊断方法。 方法：通过评估结核病诊断的优缺点，对目前的结核病诊断方法进行综述。此外，讨论了使用纳米材料进行结核病检测的趋势，了解其临床诊断应用的性能。 结果：目前的方法，如显微镜，培养和结核菌素皮肤试验仍然被用于诊断结核病，但是，仍然需要一个高度敏感的护理工具点，没有错误的结果。利用纳米材料以高灵敏度和特异性检测特定的TB生物标志物可以提供快速诊断TB的可能策略。尽管在临床试验中对纳米诊断平台进行评估具有挑战性，但使用纳米材料的主动结核诊断非常有望在常规应用中获得临床意义。此外，阐述了开发使用先进纳米材料诊断活动性结核病的高效工具的方面和未来方向。 结论：该评价表明纳米材料作为快速，经济有效的工具具有很高的潜力，可以提高诊断敏感性和特异性，从而准确诊断，治疗和预防结核病。因此，便携式纳米生物传感器可以是在临床试验执行后全球开发的替代有效测试。
关键词: 结核，诊断，纳米生物传感器，纳米材料，免疫分析，抗原检测。
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