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Review Article

锂-药理学和毒理学方面:目前的技术状态

卷 27, 期 3, 2020

页: [337 - 351] 页: 15

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867325666180904124733

价格: $65

摘要

锂是最小的一价阳离子，具有多种不同的生物学效应。尽管锂在精神疾病的药物治疗中已经存在了几十年，但其确切的作用机制仍未阐明。今天，锂用于双向情感障碍的一线治疗(因为它同时具有抗躁狂和抗抑郁的特性)和对重度抑郁症的辅助治疗(因为它具有抗自杀的效果)。锂对急性神经损伤、慢性退行性疾病、阿尔茨海默病等神经系统疾病有一定的保护作用，对白细胞减少、肝炎等肾脏疾病也有一定的治疗作用。最近的证据表明,锂也拥有一些抗癌特性，由于其抑制糖原合成酶激酶3β(GSK3β)中包含很多重要的细胞过程，如:糖原代谢、炎症、免疫调节、细胞凋亡、组织损伤、再生等。尽管最近的证据表明锂在不同条件下有潜在的应用价值，但其在临床实践中的广泛应用仍有待提高。其原因是锂的治疗指标狭窄，各种器官系统中存在大量的毒性作用，与其他药物存在一些临床相关的相互作用。此外，有必要进行更多的临床前和临床研究，以确定锂的确切治疗范围及其详细的作用机制。综述了锂的药理和毒理作用的最新研究进展。

关键词: 锂，药理作用，锂的作用机理，锂在大脑中的作用机制，锂在临床前和临床的研究，锂的副作用，药物与锂的相互作用。

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