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General Review Article

黄嘌呤衍生物作为影响帕金森氏病非多巴胺能神经保护作用的药物

卷 27, 期 12, 2020

页: [2021 - 2036] 页: 16

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867325666180821153316

价格: $65

摘要

帕金森氏病（PD）是一种神经退行性和虚弱性疾病，影响1％的老年人口。患者的运动障碍导致日常活动极为困难。常规治疗仅限于多巴胺替代疗法，该疗法无法延缓疾病的进展，并且通常与许多不良反应相关。在了解PD涉及的机制方面的最新进展揭示了治疗方法的新分子靶标。其中，咖啡因和黄嘌呤衍生物是有前途的药物候选者，因为在PD中可能具有症状上的益处。实际上，饮用咖啡与降低PD的风险有关。在过去的几十年中，人们为发现黄嘌呤结构的治疗潜力做出了许多努力。取代的黄嘌呤分子被用作支架，用于合成对神经退行性疾病（包括PD，哮喘，癌症等）具有保护作用的新化合物。已经提出黄嘌呤的施用是PD中神经保护的非多巴胺能策略，并且保护机制与腺苷A2A受体的拮抗作用和B型单胺氧化酶（MAO-B）抑制有关。当前的综述总结了经常被怀疑的非多巴胺能神经保护机制以及黄嘌呤衍生物在PD中的可能的有益作用，以及一些合成的方法来生产透视黄嘌呤衍生物作为PD治疗中的非多巴胺能药物。

关键词: 黄嘌呤，咖啡因，帕金森氏病，神经保护，神经退行性疾病，非多巴胺能疗法。

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