Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Nanoscience

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4137
ISSN (Online): 1875-6786

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Potential Role of Carbon Nanoparticles in Guiding Central Neck Dissection and Protecting Parathyroid Glands in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Author(s): Zhiliang Xu, Zhiyu Li, Qi Wu, Yimin Zhang, Shan Zhu and Shengrong Sun*

Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019

Page: [254 - 259] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/1573413714666180820125745

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Carbon nanoparticle (CN) suspensions have been widely used as lymph node tracers in cancers. Here, CN suspension was successfully applied to lymph node dissection.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the role of CN suspension in identifying lymph nodes and preserving the parathyroid in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Method: A total of 96 PTC patients were divided into a CN group (n = 46) and a control group (n = 50). All patients underwent total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection from 2014 to 2015.

Results: The number of lymph nodes removed in the CN group and the control group was 9.6±2.4 and 7.8±2.2, respectively, and the number of dissected lymph nodes identified as <5 mm in both groups was 4.4±1.3 and 2.4±1.4, respectively. These results were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). However, the number of metastatic lymph nodes was similar in the two groups. In addition, the results further revealed that the level of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) was significantly lower in the control group than in the CN group on postoperative day 1 and week 1 (P < 0.05), but similar outcomes were observed at postoperative month 1.

Conclusion: CN suspension plays an important role in accurately identifying lymph nodes and protecting parathyroid glands. The clinical utilization of CN suspension could increase the accuracy of surgery programs and protect parathyroid function.

Keywords: Carbon nanoparticles, papillary thyroid carcinoma, total thyroidectomy, central lymph node dissection, parathyroid, recurrent laryngeal nerve.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Sherman, S.I. Thyroid carcinoma. Lancet, 2003, 361(9356), 501-511.
[2]
Davies, L.; Welch, H.G. Current thyroid cancer trends in the United States. JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg., 2014, 140(4), 317-322.
[3]
Leenhardt, L.; Bernier, M.O.; Boin-Pineau, M.H.; Conte Devolx, B.; Marechaud, R.; Niccoli-Sire, P.; Nocaudie, M.; Orgiazzi, J.; Schlumberger, M.; Wemeau, J.L.; Cherie-Challine, L.; De Vathaire, F. Advances in diagnostic practices affect thyroid cancer incidence in France. Eur. J. Endocrinol., 2004, 150(2), 133-139.
[4]
Kouvaraki, M.A.; Shapiro, S.E.; Fornage, B.D.; Edeiken-Monro, B.S.; Sherman, S.I.; Vassilopoulou-Sellin, R.; Lee, J.E.; Evans, D.B. Role of preoperative ultrasonography in the surgical management of patients with thyroid cancer. Surgery, 2003, 134(6), 946-954.
[5]
Barczynski, M.; Konturek, A.; Stopa, M.; Nowak, W. Prophylactic central neck dissection for papillary thyroid cancer. Br. J. Surg., 2013, 100(3), 410-418.
[6]
Youssef, T.; Gaballah, G.; Abd-Elaal, E.; El-Dosoky, E. Assessment of risk factors of incidental parathyroidectomy during thyroid surgery: a prospective study. Int. J. Surg., 2010, 8(3), 207-211.
[7]
Catarci, M.; Guadagni, S.; Zaraca, F.; Pistoia, M.A.; Mastracchio, A.; Trecca, A.; Ruco, L.; Carboni, M. Prospective randomized evaluation of preoperative endoscopic vital staining using CH-40 for lymph node dissection in gastric cancer. Ann. Surg. Oncol., 1998, 5(7), 580-584.
[8]
Cai, H.K.; He, H.F.; Tian, W.; Zhou, M.Q.; Hu, Y.; Deng, Y.C. Colorectal cancer lymph node staining by activated carbon nanoparticles suspension in vivo or methylene blue in vitro. World J. Gastroenterol., 2012, 18(42), 6148-6154.
[9]
Yezhelyev, M.V.; Gao, X.; Xing, Y.; Al-Hajj, A.; Nie, S.; O’Regan, R.M. Emerging use of nanoparticles in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Lancet Oncol., 2006, 7(8), 657-667.
[10]
Zhu, Y.; Chen, X.; Zhang, H.; Chen, L.; Zhou, S.; Wu, K.; Wang, Z.; Kong, L.; Zhuang, H. Carbon nanoparticle-guided central lymph node dissection in clinically node-negative patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Head Neck, 2016, 38(6), 840-845.
[11]
Hao, R.T.; Chen, J.; Zhao, L.H.; Liu, C.; Wang, O.C.; Huang, G.L.; Zhang, X.H.; Zhao, J. Sentinel lymph node biopsy using carbon nanoparticles for Chinese patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Eur. J. Surg. Oncol., 2012, 38(8), 718-724.
[12]
White, M.L.; Gauger, P.G.; Doherty, G.M. Central lymph node dissection in differentiated thyroid cancer. World J. Surg., 2007, 31(5), 895-904.
[13]
Cernea, C.R.; Brandao, L.G.; Hojaij, F.C.; De Carlucci, D.; Montenegro, F.L.; Plopper, C.; Vanderlei, F.; Gotoda, R.; Dias, F.L.; Lima, R.A. How to minimize complications in thyroid surgery? Auris Nasus Larynx, 2010, 37(1), 1-5.
[14]
Harari, A.; Sippel, R.S.; Goldstein, R.; Aziz, S.; Shen, W.; Gosnell, J.; Duh, Q.Y.; Clark, O.H. Successful localization of recurrent thyroid cancer in reoperative neck surgery using ultrasound-guided methylene blue dye injection. J. Am. Coll. Surg., 2012, 215, 555-561.
[15]
Hillary, S.L.; Guillermet, S.; Brown, N.J.; Balasubramanian, S.P. Use of methylene blue and near-infrared fluorescence in thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Langenbeck Arch. Surg., 2018, 403, 111-118.
[16]
Li, Y.; Jian, W.H.; Guo, Z.M.; Li, Q.L.; Lin, S.J.; Huang, H.Y. A Meta-analysis of carbon nanoparticles for identifying lymph nodes and protecting parathyroid glands during surgery. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg., 2015, 152(6), 1007-1016.
[17]
Liu, F.; Zhu, Y.; Qian, Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Y. Recognition of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with papillary thyroid cancer by nano-carbon and methylene blue. Pak. J. Med. Sci., 2017, 33(6), 1485-1489.
[18]
Chaojie, Z.; Shanshan, L.; Zhigong, Z.; Jie, H.; Shuwen, X.; Peizhi, F.; Jing, X.; Xiaowen, G.; Yang, L.; Wei, Z. Evaluation of the clinical value of carbon nanoparticles as lymph node tracer in differentiated thyroid carcinoma requiring reoperation. Int. J. Clin. Oncol., 2016, 21(1), 68-74.
[19]
Hagiwara, A.; Takahashi, T.; Sawai, K.; Iwamoto, A.; Shimotsuma, M.; Yoneyama, C.; Seiki, K.; Itoh, M.; Sasabe, T.; Lee, M. Lymph nodal vital staining with newer carbon particle suspensions compared with India ink: Experimental and clinical observations. Lymphology, 1992, 25(2), 84-89.
[20]
Yu, W.; Cao, X.; Xu, G.; Song, Y.; Li, G.; Zheng, H.; Zhang, N. Potential role for carbon nanoparticles to guide central neck dissection in patients with papillary thyroid cancer. Surgery, 2016, 160(3), 755-761.
[21]
Sun, S.P.; Zhang, Y.; Cui, Z.Q.; Chen, Q.; Zhang, W.; Zhou, C.X.; Xie, P.P.; Liu, B.G. Clinical application of carbon nanoparticle lymph node tracer in the VI region lymph node dissection of differentiated thyroid cancer. Genet. Mol. Res., 2014, 13(2), 3432-3437.
[22]
Kihara, M.; Miyauchi, A.; Kontani, K.; Yamauchi, A.; Yokomise, H. Recovery of parathyroid function after total thyroidectomy: long-term follow-up study. ANZ J. Surg., 2005, 75(7), 532-536.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
31
4
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy