摘要
成年哺乳动物心肌细胞(CMS)具有有限的增殖能力，细胞周期活动导致DNA含量增加，但有丝分裂和胞质分裂是少见的。这使得心脏在替换新形成的心肌细胞时效率很低，就像心肌梗塞和扩张型心肌病等疾病一样，失去了收缩细胞。以不同来源的干细胞植入为基础的再生治疗不能保证新生细胞与常驻细胞的植入和机电连接，这是恢复心脏合胞生理的基本条件。因此，在调控CM细胞周期中发挥相关作用的因素越来越受到人们的关注，以诱导驻留心肌细胞分化为子代细胞，从而在维持生理合胞性能的前提下实现心肌再生。尽管在过去的几十年里取得了科学的进步，但许多问题仍然没有答案，包括在妊娠期和新生儿期心脏发育过程中心肌细胞的增殖是如何被调控的。这可以揭示未知的细胞周期调节机制和分子，这些分子可能被操纵以实现心脏的自我再生。我们在此修订有关CM细胞周期调控的最新数据，最近与细胞周期相关的参与分子和途径，以及涉及它们的实验治疗。
关键词: 细胞周期，心肌细胞，心脏，有丝分裂，INK 4，Cip/Kip。
图形摘要
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