Generic placeholder image

Current Biochemical Engineering (Discontinued)

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2212-7119
ISSN (Online): 2212-7127

Research Article

Culture Miniaturization of Lipase Production by Yarrowia lipolytica

Author(s): Ariane Gaspar Santos, Bernardo Dias Ribeiro, Felipe Valle do Nascimento and Maria Alice Zarur Coelho*

Volume 5, Issue 1, 2019

Page: [12 - 20] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/2212711905666180730101010

Abstract

Background: The proposal to perform scale-down of culture systems (2 to 4 mL) could be more efficient for screen multiple formulations and operational conditions. For such, is important to evaluate if the kinetic parameters of a bioprocess are comparative to conventional lab-scale reactors. In the present study, the effects of different miniaturized systems were evaluated on growth and lipase production of Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682.

Methods: Cultivations were conducted in a mini-scale version of Erlenmeyer flask of 10 mL (10EF); 24 deep-well microplate of 11 ml (24MTP/11 mL) and 24 deep-well microplate of 25 ml (24MTP/25 mL).

Results: Similar specific growth rate (μ) was observed between miniaturized cultivations (0.27 h-1). Different lipase productivities values were obtained, the highest was achieved in 10EF (181 U.L-1.h-1). Volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) and maximum lipase production were improved with culture miniaturization in comparison with conventional shake-flasks. Bioreactor (1.5 L) cultivation showed similar growth kinetic, pH profile and kLa values, but an increase in the maximum productivity was observed. These finding showed the advantages of Y. lipolytica cultivations scale-down.

Conclusion: These findings show the advantages of Y. lipolytica scale-down cultivations, and to perform scale-up for benchtop bioreactor directly from these miniaturized cultivations, without the need of gradual scale-up, representing a reduction in costs and working time. Taking into consideration the rare works about miniaturized cultivation with Y. lipolytica, this work opens the way to a better understanding of bioprocess and alternatives for process conduction.

Keywords: Lipase, miniaturization, deep-well microplates, Yarrowia lipolytica, kLa, shaken bioreactor.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
C. Lattermann, and J. Büchs, "Microscale and miniscale fermentation and screening", Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., vol. 35, no. 0, pp. 1-6, 2015.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2014.12.005] [PMID: 25544012]
[2]
J.I. Betts, S.D. Doig, and F. Baganz, "Characterization and application of a miniature 10 mL stirred-tank bioreactor, showing scale-down equivalence with a conventional 7 L reactor", Biotechnol. Prog., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 681-688, 2006.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bp050369y] [PMID: 16739949]
[3]
J. Hemmerich, S. Noack, W. Wiechert, and M. Oldiges, "Microbioreactor systems for accelerated bioprocess development", Biotechnol. J., vol. 13, no. 4, 2018.e1700141
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biot.201700141] [PMID: 29283217]
[4]
A. Schmideder, T.S. Severin, J.H. Cremer, and D. Weuster-Botz, "A novel milliliter-scale chemostat system for parallel cultivation of microorganisms in stirred-tank bioreactors", J. Biotechnol., vol. 210, pp. 19-24, 2015.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.06.402] [PMID: 26116137]
[5]
A. Schmideder, J.H. Cremer, and D. Weuster-Botz, "Parallel steady state studies on a milliliter scale accelerate fed-batch bioprocess design for recombinant protein production with Escherichia coli", Biotechnol. Prog., vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1426-1435, 2016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/btpr.2360] [PMID: 27604066]
[6]
Q. Long, X. Liu, Y. Yang, L. Li, L. Harvey, B. McNeil, and Z. Bai, The development and application of high throughput cultivation technology in bioprocess development. J. Biotechnol., vol. 192, no. Pt B, pp. 323-338, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.03.028] [PMID: 24698846]
[7]
I. Huth, J. Schrader, and D. Holtmann, "Microtiter plate-based cultivation to investigate the growth of filamentous fungi", Eng. Life Sci., vol. 17, no. 10, pp. 1064-1070, 2017.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elsc.201700041]
[8]
W.A. Duetz, L. Rüedi, R. Hermann, K. O’Connor, J. Büchs, and B. Witholt, "Methods for intense aeration, growth, storage, and replication of bacterial strains in microtiter plates", Appl. Environ. Microbiol., vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 2641-2646, 2000.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.66.6.2641-2646.2000] [PMID: 10831450]
[9]
H. Waegeman, J. Beauprez, J. Maertens, M. De Mey, L. Demolder, M.R. Foulquié-Moreno, N. Boon, D. Charlier, and W. Soetaert, "Validation study of 24 deepwell microtiterplates to screen libraries of strains in metabolic engineering", J. Biosci. Bioeng., vol. 110, no. 6, pp. 646-652, 2010.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.07.008] [PMID: 20696615]
[10]
K. Isett, H. George, W. Herber, and A. Amanullah, "Twenty-four-well plate miniature bioreactor high-throughput system: assessment for microbial cultivations", Biotechnol. Bioeng., vol. 98, no. 5, pp. 1017-1028, 2007.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.21484] [PMID: 17486656]
[11]
K. Chaturvedi, S.Y. Sun, T. O’Brien, Y.J. Liu, and J.W. Brooks, "Comparison of the behavior of CHO cells during cultivation in 24-square deep well microplates and conventional shake flask systems", Biotechnol. Rep. (Amst.), vol. 1-2, no. 2, pp. 22-26, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2014.04.001] [PMID: 28435799]
[12]
H. Giese, P. Kruithof, K. Meier, M. Sieben, E. Antonov, R.W. Hommes, and J. Büchs, "Improvement and scale-down of a Trichoderma reesei shake flask protocol to microtiter plates enables high-throughput screening", J. Biosci. Bioeng., vol. 118, no. 6, pp. 702-709, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.05.016] [PMID: 24982019]
[13]
A. Hevekerl, A. Kuenz, and K-D. Vorlop, "Filamentous fungi in microtiter plates-an easy way to optimize itaconic acid production with Aspergillus terreus", Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., vol. 98, no. 16, pp. 6983-6989, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-5743-2] [PMID: 24737061]
[14]
P. Kanmani, J. Aravind, and K. Kumaresan, "An insight into microbial lipases and their environmental facet", Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 1147-1162, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13762-014-0605-0]
[15]
R. Gupta, A. Kumari, P. Syal, and Y. Singh, "Molecular and functional diversity of yeast and fungal lipases: Their role in biotechnology and cellular physiology", Prog. Lipid Res., vol. 57, pp. 40-54, 2015.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plipres.2014.12.001] [PMID: 25573113]
[16]
K. Grillitsch, and G. Daum, "Triacylglycerol lipases of the yeast", Front. Biol. (Beijing), vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 219-230, 2011.
[17]
N. Sarmah, D. Revathi, G. Sheelu, K. Yamuna Rani, S. Sridhar, V. Mehtab, and C. Sumana, "Recent advances on sources and industrial applications of lipases", Biotechnol. Prog., vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 5-28, 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/btpr.2581] [PMID: 29086509]
[18]
M.A.Z. Coelho, P.F.F. Amaral, and I. Belo, Yarrowia lipolytica : an industrial workhorse Current Research, Technology and Education Topics in Applied Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology., Badajoz: Formatex, 2010, pp. 930-944.
[19]
A. Méndez-Villas, A.I.S. Brígida, P.F.F. Amaral, L.R.B. Gonçalves, M.H.M. Rocha-leão, and M.A.Z. Coelho, "Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50682: Lipase production in a multiphase bioreactor", Curr. Biochem. Eng., vol. 1, pp. 65-74, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/22127119113019990005]
[20]
P.F.F. Amaral, M.H.M. Rocha-Leão, I.M. Marrucho, J.A.P. Coutinho, and M.A.Z. Coelho, "Improving lipase production using a perfluorocarbon as oxygen carrier", J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., vol. 81, no. 8, pp. 1368-1374, 2006.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.1478]
[21]
L. Ping, X. Yuan, M. Zhang, Y. Chai, and S. Shan, "Improvement of extracellular lipase production by a newly isolated Yarrowia lipolytica mutant and its application in the biosynthesis of L-ascorbyl palmitate", Int. J. Biol. Macromol., vol. 106, pp. 302-311, 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.016] [PMID: 28827135]
[22]
A. Back, T. Rossignol, F. Krier, J-M. Nicaud, and P. Dhulster, "High-throughput fermentation screening for the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica with real-time monitoring of biomass and lipid production", Microb. Cell Fact., vol. 15, no. 1, p. 147, 2016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-016-0546-z] [PMID: 27553851]
[23]
H. Sassi, F. Delvigne, T. Kar, J.M. Nicaud, A.M. Coq, S. Steels, and P. Fickers, "Deciphering how LIP2 and POX2 promoters can optimally regulate recombinant protein production in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica", Microb. Cell Fact., vol. 15, no. 1, p. 159, 2016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-016-0558-8] [PMID: 27651221]
[24]
A.N. Hagler, and L.C. Mendonça-Hagler, "Yeasts from marine and estuarine waters with different levels of pollution in the state of rio de janeiro, Brazil", Appl. Environ. Microbiol., vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 173-178, 1981.
[PMID: 16345683]
[25]
F.V. Pereira-Meirelles, and M.H.M. Rocha-Leão, A stable lipase from Candida lipolytica C.E. Wyman, and M. Finkelstein, Eds., Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, vol. 65, Humana Press, 1997, no. 1, pp. 73-85.
[26]
J. Charney, and R.M. Tomarelli, "A colorimetric method for the determination of the proteolytic activity of duodenal juice", J. Biol. Chem., vol. 171, no. 2, pp. 501-505, 1947.
[PMID: 20272088]
[27]
J.B. Sumner, "The estimation of sugar in diabetic urine, using dinitrosalicylic acid", J. Biol. Chem., vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 287-290, 1924.
[28]
C.M. Cooper, G.A. Fernstrom, and S.A. Miller, "Performance of Agitated Gas-Liquid Contactors", Ind. Eng. Chem., vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 504-509, 1944.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50414a005]
[29]
H.L. Golterman, R.S. Clymo, and M.A.M. Ohnstad, Methods for physical and chemical analysis of freshwaters.. 2nd edBlackwell Scientific: Oxford, 1978.
[30]
P.F.F. Amaral, A.P.R. De Almeida, T. Peixoto, M.H.M. Rocha-Leão, J.A.P. Coutinho, and M.A.Z. Coelho, "Beneficial effects of enhanced aeration using perfluorodecalin in Yarrowia lipolytica cultures for lipase production", World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 339-344, 2007.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-006-9229-y]
[31]
R. Hermann, M. Lehmann, and J. Büchs, "Characterization of gas-liquid mass transfer phenomena in microtiter plates", Biotechnol. Bioeng., vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 178-186, 2003.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.10456] [PMID: 12451554]
[32]
F.V. Pereira-Meirelles, M.H.M. Rocha-Leão, and G.L. Sant’Anna, "Lipase location in Yarrowia lipolytica cells", Biotechnol. Lett., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 71-75, 2000.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005672731818]
[33]
P. Fickers, J. Destain, and P. Thonart, Improvement of Yarrowia lipolytica lipase production by fed-batch fermentation. J. Basic mMcrobiology, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 212-215, April 2009.
[34]
F.O.M. Alonso, E.B.L. Oliveira, G.M. Dellamora-Ortiz, and F.V. Pereira-Meirelles, "Improvement of lipase production at different stirring speeds and oxygen levels", Braz. J. Chem. Eng., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 9-18, 2005.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-66322005000100002]
[35]
G. Corzo, and S. Revah, "Production and characteristics of the lipase from Yarrowia lipolytica", Bioresour. Technol., vol. 70, pp. 173-180, 1999.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00024-3]
[36]
W.A. Duetz, and B. Witholt, "Oxygen transfer by orbital shaking of square vessels and deepwell microtiter plates of various dimensions", Biochem. Eng. J., vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 181-185, 2004.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1369-703X(03)00177-3]
[37]
W.A. Duetz, and B. Witholt, "Effectiveness of orbital shaking for the aeration of suspended bacterial cultures in square-deepwell microtiter plates", Biochem. Eng. J., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 113-115, 2001.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1369-703X(00)00109-1] [PMID: 11173298]
[38]
F. Kensy, C. Engelbrecht, and J. Büchs, "Scale-up from microtiter plate to laboratory fermenter: evaluation by online monitoring techniques of growth and protein expression in Escherichia coli and Hansenula polymorpha fermentations", Microb. Cell Fact., vol. 8, no. 1, p. 68, 2009.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-8-68] [PMID: 20028556]
[39]
R.S. Islam, D. Tisi, M.S. Levy, and G.J. Lye, "Scale-up of Escherichia coli growth and recombinant protein expression conditions from microwell to laboratory and pilot scale based on matched k(L)a", Biotechnol. Bioeng., vol. 99, no. 5, pp. 1128-1139, 2008.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.21697] [PMID: 17969169]
[40]
F.J. Deive, M.A. Sanromán, and M.A. Longo, "A comprehensive study of lipase production by Yarrowia lipolytica CECT 1240 (ATCC 18942): from shake flask to continuous bioreactor", J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., vol. 85, no. 2, pp. 258-266, 2010.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.2301]

© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version312msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[23:50:32] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[23:50:33] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[23:50:33] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (138ms)time
  • Application (174ms)time
  • 1 x Application (55.78%)
    174ms
    1 x Booting (44.22%)
    138ms
    12 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    30 statements were executed, 2 of which were duplicates, 28 unique. Show only duplicated86.29ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('51833843','',1,1740700232,1740700232) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740700232
      1.13msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('51833843','/article/92012',1,1740700232,1740700232)
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51833843 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51833843) limit 1
      17.66msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 51833843
      • 1: 51833843
      • 2: 51833843
      • 3: 51833843
      • 4: 51833843
      • 5: 51833843
      • 6: 51833843
      • 7: 51833843
      • 8: 51833843
      • 9: 51833843
      • 10: 51833843
      • 11: 51833843
      • 12: 51833843
      • 13: 51833843
      • 14: 51833843
      • 15: 51833843
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=92012
      920μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 138 limit 1
      1.02msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 138
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=138) and sj.journal_id!=138 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      730μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=138) and sj.journal_id!=138 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      620μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=138) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.36msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=138) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      1.21msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '92012'
      1.56msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 92012
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '92012'
      4.65msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 92012
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '92012' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      3.18msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 92012
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      760μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 138 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      35.91msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 138 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      1.87msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 138 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      1.46msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 92012 limit 1
      2.36msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 92012
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 92012 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      400μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 164131 limit 1
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 164131
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      300μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CBE' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      370μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CBE
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '92012' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      540μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '12' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9285 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      640μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 12
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '20' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9285 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      600μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 20
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 92012 limit 1
      3.9msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 92012
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 138 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740700233 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740700233 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.57msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 138
      • 3: 1740700233
      • 4: 1740700233
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='1b471f5588006e2b720f90b43e13dfbb'
      310μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        X2puMlEHEGzm8ugxm41xUEOqCNPoKEjxfwjLh7u9
        uc_cart_id
        1b471f5588006e2b720f90b43e13dfbb
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/92012" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/92012
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Thu, 27 Feb 2025 23:50:33 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InozTWF0ZHhrOUhUdHJqZlMxZDhDRVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoia3huTCs1amIyMk5IUWVZZjE0bFdSdFA0Nk9EdHJ4YzlZeTdBU1ZMRWFCbFdLdTZCQ2NBK2pNZFByOHhSQXJzZkxzYlBMZjZkdTlvaHpLZFNqSkpLZkJOUEpzNHNwODUvMVdFbXh6aklWdnZibmFmUkZOc0tzaWN4ZUh4V0RJc00iLCJtYWMiOiI2NGYyZWFkNWM2MTM5ZDNkNDYyMjFjOTEwM2E5YzRkNjdhMTAzZDIyOWMwNTU0YzQ2NWY3OTg3MTUxMDA3NWMxIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sun, 02 Mar 2025 11:50:33 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InozTWF0ZHhrOUhUdHJqZlMxZDhDRVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoia3huTCs1amIyMk5IUWVZZjE0bFdSdFA0Nk9EdHJ4YzlZeTdBU1ZMRWFCbFdLdTZCQ2NBK2pNZFByOHhSQXJzZkxzYlBMZ" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImF0RVh4dGRTTFo1dy9hQ2ZINzJEbUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUk1HODBTM2JmWHZpMkovSnVHNGo0WXMvZ2w4SUR2KzZUcUdBcldjNXJ2UDBIaW93TkhCRmUwWkJMT2ZxNE05NjJ5V2ttY0tiMzZzdEhrZ1BHRnNoOVIxVG90VE82WTBCWFhFRUQ1bkU1bUZYTWdmdVhRZkVpQTdBUzhNYVRvSmwiLCJtYWMiOiJjNjEwMjMxMjdhYTJlOTU1MTVjZWY2MzFlM2NhZjg3YWFlZWUzZjNiYTg1ZGJlOWQ1MTIwYjZjYmU3YmQxNWI5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImF0RVh4dGRTTFo1dy9hQ2ZINzJEbUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUk1HODBTM2JmWHZpMkovSnVHNGo0WXMvZ2w4SUR2KzZUcUdBcldjNXJ2UDBIaW93TkhCRmUwWkJ" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InozTWF0ZHhrOUhUdHJqZlMxZDhDRVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoia3huTCs1amIyMk5IUWVZZjE0bFdSdFA0Nk9EdHJ4YzlZeTdBU1ZMRWFCbFdLdTZCQ2NBK2pNZFByOHhSQXJzZkxzYlBMZjZkdTlvaHpLZFNqSkpLZkJOUEpzNHNwODUvMVdFbXh6aklWdnZibmFmUkZOc0tzaWN4ZUh4V0RJc00iLCJtYWMiOiI2NGYyZWFkNWM2MTM5ZDNkNDYyMjFjOTEwM2E5YzRkNjdhMTAzZDIyOWMwNTU0YzQ2NWY3OTg3MTUxMDA3NWMxIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sun, 02-Mar-2025 11:50:33 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InozTWF0ZHhrOUhUdHJqZlMxZDhDRVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoia3huTCs1amIyMk5IUWVZZjE0bFdSdFA0Nk9EdHJ4YzlZeTdBU1ZMRWFCbFdLdTZCQ2NBK2pNZFByOHhSQXJzZkxzYlBMZ" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImF0RVh4dGRTTFo1dy9hQ2ZINzJEbUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUk1HODBTM2JmWHZpMkovSnVHNGo0WXMvZ2w4SUR2KzZUcUdBcldjNXJ2UDBIaW93TkhCRmUwWkJMT2ZxNE05NjJ5V2ttY0tiMzZzdEhrZ1BHRnNoOVIxVG90VE82WTBCWFhFRUQ1bkU1bUZYTWdmdVhRZkVpQTdBUzhNYVRvSmwiLCJtYWMiOiJjNjEwMjMxMjdhYTJlOTU1MTVjZWY2MzFlM2NhZjg3YWFlZWUzZjNiYTg1ZGJlOWQ1MTIwYjZjYmU3YmQxNWI5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImF0RVh4dGRTTFo1dy9hQ2ZINzJEbUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUk1HODBTM2JmWHZpMkovSnVHNGo0WXMvZ2w4SUR2KzZUcUdBcldjNXJ2UDBIaW93TkhCRmUwWkJ" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "X2puMlEHEGzm8ugxm41xUEOqCNPoKEjxfwjLh7u9" "uc_cart_id" => "1b471f5588006e2b720f90b43e13dfbb" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/92012" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-27 23:50:33GET/article/92012312301