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Review Article

脊髓少突胶质细胞对神经炎性疾病和疼痛的贡献

卷 26, 期 31, 2019

页: [5781 - 5810] 页: 30

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867325666180522112441

价格: $65

摘要

背景：影响脊髓或相关脊髓神经的神经炎性疾病由于其复杂的病理学，预后不良和高发病率而成为当前医学中具有挑战性的治疗条件，这显着降低了患者的生活质量。从这个意义上讲，对脊髓神经炎症的细胞和分子机制的更好理解可能有助于新疗法的发展。少突胶质细胞在中枢神经系统（CNS）稳态和生理中具有独特而重要的生物学特性。越来越多的实验证据表明，这些神经胶质细胞参与了许多慢性，神经退行性和丧失能力的中枢神经系统疾病的病理生理机制。这些细胞对于神经可塑性和慢性疼痛状态的发展和维持也具有重要意义。另一方面，证据表明少突胶质细胞及其产物可能有利于中枢神经系统，促进协调损伤后中枢神经系统组织修复的有益作用。 目的：本综述旨在探讨脊髓少突胶质祖细胞（OPC）和成熟少突胶质细胞在中枢神经系统炎症和病理学中的多方面作用，探讨其在实验和临床环境中的作用。主要重点是脊髓肌萎缩性侧索硬化，多发性硬化（MS）/实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE），创伤性损伤和疼痛处理。 方法：本综述分析并讨论了有关OPCs /少突胶质细胞在脊髓炎症和疼痛处理中的作用的已发表的原始研究文章。 结果与结论：从许多临床和实验范例中发现，脊髓OPC /少突胶质细胞是控制神经炎症的潜在治疗靶标。

关键词: OPC，少突胶质细胞，髓磷脂，脊髓，神经炎症，中枢敏化。

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