摘要
患者特异性干细胞的产生一直是许多发育生物学家的长期目标。除了提供干细胞疗法的来源之外,这些细胞还有可能用于许多情景,如疾病建模,药物筛选和研究正常发育。已经使用各种方法将末端分化的细胞重编程为具有不同效率和限制的多能状态。直到最近,核转移一直是最成功的重新编程方法。 Shinya Yamanaka于2006年发表了一项开创性研究,其中通过使用着名的称为Yamanaka因子的干细胞转录因子混合物,将分化的细胞重编程为多能状态。这些称为诱导多能干(iPS)细胞的细胞后来由各种实验室使用不同的分子组合产生。重要的是,诱导多能性是以具有里程碑步骤的逐步方式实现的状态。在这些步骤中激活或抑制包括微小RNA(miRNA)的各种分子以确保成功转变为多能性。 miRNA的精确调节是重要的,因为它们共同调节无数mRNA,代表对于将细胞命运引导至干重要的特定途径。由于它们的重要性,miRNA已经成为用于产生iPSC的鸡尾酒的成分。本综述旨在讨论miRNA的逐步调节及其在重编程途径中的意义。
关键词: MicroRNA,iPS细胞,重编程,分化,OSKM,再生医学。
Current Molecular Medicine
Title:MicroRNA Regulation Along the Course of Cellular Reprogramming to Pluripotency
Volume: 18 Issue: 1
关键词: MicroRNA,iPS细胞,重编程,分化,OSKM,再生医学。
摘要: Generation of patient-specific stem cells has been a long-held aim of many developmental biologists. Apart from providing a source for stem cell therapies, these cells have the potential to be utilized in a number of scenarios like disease modeling, drug screening and studying normal development. Various approaches have been used to reprogram terminally differentiated cells to a pluripotent state with varying efficiencies and limitations. The nuclear transfer had been the most successful method for reprogramming until recently. Shinya Yamanaka in 2006 published a seminal study wherein, by using a cocktail of stem cell transcription factors famously called Yamanaka factors, the differentiated cells were reprogrammed to a pluripotent state. These cells, called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, were later generated by various laboratories using a different combination of molecules. Importantly, induced pluripotency is a state that is achieved in a stepwise manner with landmark steps. Various molecules including microRNAs (miRNAs) are activated or repressed at these steps to ensure a successful transition to pluripotency. The precise regulation of miRNAs is important as they collectively regulate myriads of mRNAs representing specific pathways important for steering cellular fate towards stemness. Owing to their significance, miRNAs have been constituents of cocktails used for iPSCs generation. This review aims at discussing the stepwise regulation of miRNAs and their significance along the path to reprogramming.
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Cite this article as:
MicroRNA Regulation Along the Course of Cellular Reprogramming to Pluripotency, Current Molecular Medicine 2018; 18 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524018666180416102129
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524018666180416102129 |
Print ISSN 1566-5240 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5666 |
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