Antimicrobial Peptides: Phylogenic Sources and Biological Activities. First of Two Parts

Title:Antimicrobial Peptides: Phylogenic Sources and Biological Activities. First of Two Parts

Volume: 24 Issue: 10

Author(s): Thea Magrone*, Matteo Antonio Russo and Emilio Jirillo

Affiliation:

• Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Bari,Italy

Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides, cathelicidins, defensins, immune response, phylogenesis, resistance to antibiotics.

Abstract: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are phylogenetically ancient substances released by living organisms for self protection against a broad variety of microbes. Moreover, AMPs are endowed with immune modulatory activities, linking innate and adaptive immunity together. Lantibiotics are AMPs of bacterial origin currently investigated for the generation of a new class of anti-infective compounds, owing to the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance against a broad variety of bacteria. Also, plants and marine AMPs are screened as novel drugs against human pathogens. Human AMPs encompass defensins and cathelicidins produced by various cell types mostly at mucosal sites. Besides their antimicrobial activity, both AMPs have been shown to trigger either inflammatory or anti-inflammatory pathways. Food-derived AMPs are mostly represented by lactoferrin and lysozyme both present in secretions, e.g., milk, and appear to be very exploitable for the generation of functional foods. Finally, the role of natural products ingested with food or administered as supplements on induction and production of AMPs will be discussed.

Cite this article as:

Magrone Thea *, Russo Antonio Matteo and Jirillo Emilio , Antimicrobial Peptides: Phylogenic Sources and Biological Activities. First of Two Parts, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2018; 24 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180403123736