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Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2210-6812
ISSN (Online): 2210-6820

Review Article

Nanocarriers for Topical Drug Delivery: Approaches and Advancements

Author(s): Gautam Singhvi*, Shalini Patil, Vishal Girdhar and Sunil Kumar Dubey

Volume 9, Issue 3, 2019

Page: [329 - 336] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/2210681208666180320122534

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Delivery of drugs through the skin has been an attractive as well as a challenging area for research. Topical drug delivery has provided enormous advantages over the systemic route for various drugs and one of the important amongst them is reduced toxicity due to a minimum or zero exposure to non-target organs.

Methods: Various nanocarrier loaded topical preparations including organogels, emulgels, niosomal gel, lyotropic liquid crystal based gels, etc have been investigated for their topical application. Nanocarriers loaded topical preparation have been proven for improved permeation through the cutaneous barrier and delivering the drug at the target site. The objective of this review is to study the recent updates regarding newer topical gel formulations and highlighting their current potential and future scope of the same.

Results: The present work has summarized different studies related to nanotechnology derived topical gel formulations and also enlisted few drugs which have been successfully formulated as novel topical gels. Advancement in nanocarriers loaded topical preparations have also been reviewed with their permeation and efficacy compared to conventional formulations.

Conclusion: The present review will provide an overview of nanotechnology based topical preparation to the readers and will create curiosity for further development.

Keywords: Topical delivery, nanocarriers, organogels, emulgels, niosomal gel, lyotropic lipid crystals.

Graphical Abstract

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    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) limit 1
      12.45msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 316589210
      • 1: 316589210
      • 2: 316589210
      • 3: 316589210
      • 4: 316589210
      • 5: 316589210
      • 6: 316589210
      • 7: 316589210
      • 8: 316589210
      • 9: 316589210
      • 10: 316589210
      • 11: 316589210
      • 12: 316589210
      • 13: 316589210
      • 14: 316589210
      • 15: 316589210
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=89198
      980μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 117 limit 1
      1.01msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 117
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=117) and sj.journal_id!=117 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      710μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=117) and sj.journal_id!=117 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      650μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=117) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      81.79msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=117) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      74.4msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '89198'
      920μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 89198
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '89198'
      2.69msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 89198
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '89198' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      1.52msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 89198
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      650μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 117 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      38.06msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 117 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      31.63msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 117 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      3.53msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 89198 limit 1
      320μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 89198
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 89198 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 160578 limit 1
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 160578
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'NNA' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      320μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: NNA
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '89198' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      390μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '9293' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '2609' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345511 and j.to_date >= 1740345511 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2609) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345511 and j.to_date >= 1740345511 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2609) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345511 and j.to_date >= 1740345511 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2609)
      20.89msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345511 and j.to_date >= 1740345511 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9293) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345511 and j.to_date >= 1740345511 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9293) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345511 and j.to_date >= 1740345511 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9293)
      930μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345511 and j.to_date >= 1740345511 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 89198) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345511 and j.to_date >= 1740345511 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 89198) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345511 and j.to_date >= 1740345511 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 89198)
      850μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '329' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9293 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      840μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 329
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '336' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9293 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      700μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 336
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 89198 limit 1
      3.83msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 89198
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 117 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740345511 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740345511 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.57msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 117
      • 3: 1740345511
      • 4: 1740345511
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 117 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740345511 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740345511 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.55msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 117
      • 3: 1740345511
      • 4: 1740345511
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='616d7855f006e3a940ca105c35f7b04c'
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        R5lRdQDQ4lVoRR1N0QQVNQMwEcwTDFKcecIgGiLh
        uc_cart_id
        616d7855f006e3a940ca105c35f7b04c
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/89198" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/89198
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Sun, 23 Feb 2025 21:18:31 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImI4eHA4aWVmSHl1bm1yUDdDbDBiWWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVmU5QVNDaHduT0xSWk4vZk95RU9hY0R1VkcyZDdwS1hHc2htR1RYNUhUQzV5b0ZmYVY3Sk9ML2FtT1I2bldyczk2MS84YWw3STZCVGFVTEs3eHJLSjBCaGtQKzRJZnJPQk1WOFRJODFXK3ByWjk1WW5FZHU5ZUFqbkQrWUdETkIiLCJtYWMiOiJiZTE1NTVkOWZmNGZmNzViNGY1YWY0ODRhMTUwZTMyMmUyM2VlMmI0M2EzOGVmMDZmYzhmNTY2ZmU4ZDUxNTgwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26 Feb 2025 09:18:31 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImI4eHA4aWVmSHl1bm1yUDdDbDBiWWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVmU5QVNDaHduT0xSWk4vZk95RU9hY0R1VkcyZDdwS1hHc2htR1RYNUhUQzV5b0ZmYVY3Sk9ML2FtT1I2bldyczk2MS84Y" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkE0dTJaZm4zUERrV1lhV3ZFbzM4dGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOExCaWFhUUhjVytickpSbGVBVHJPSFRTdnhlV2lyTUdIYTNuK3hNV0I3NnRTNjJPSVQyN2k2Tmh4OS84U0N0Z2xzR3JBYWRweGluUytpbG5pdmdHVU1GeE1kUGE2czJZdXhjN0FBZDBhZklyQ004dFZsL1YyV3BmY1lwU3BrY1AiLCJtYWMiOiJjNzFmY2YzYjMzOGQyZTMyZWJmYmY2M2JjNGMxM2YyODJmNTEyYjU2OGJmNWU5MTc3ZDNmOTA1MmM2ODMzMGFmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkE0dTJaZm4zUERrV1lhV3ZFbzM4dGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOExCaWFhUUhjVytickpSbGVBVHJPSFRTdnhlV2lyTUdIYTNuK3hNV0I3NnRTNjJPSVQyN2k2Tmh" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImI4eHA4aWVmSHl1bm1yUDdDbDBiWWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVmU5QVNDaHduT0xSWk4vZk95RU9hY0R1VkcyZDdwS1hHc2htR1RYNUhUQzV5b0ZmYVY3Sk9ML2FtT1I2bldyczk2MS84YWw3STZCVGFVTEs3eHJLSjBCaGtQKzRJZnJPQk1WOFRJODFXK3ByWjk1WW5FZHU5ZUFqbkQrWUdETkIiLCJtYWMiOiJiZTE1NTVkOWZmNGZmNzViNGY1YWY0ODRhMTUwZTMyMmUyM2VlMmI0M2EzOGVmMDZmYzhmNTY2ZmU4ZDUxNTgwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26-Feb-2025 09:18:31 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImI4eHA4aWVmSHl1bm1yUDdDbDBiWWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVmU5QVNDaHduT0xSWk4vZk95RU9hY0R1VkcyZDdwS1hHc2htR1RYNUhUQzV5b0ZmYVY3Sk9ML2FtT1I2bldyczk2MS84Y" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkE0dTJaZm4zUERrV1lhV3ZFbzM4dGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOExCaWFhUUhjVytickpSbGVBVHJPSFRTdnhlV2lyTUdIYTNuK3hNV0I3NnRTNjJPSVQyN2k2Tmh4OS84U0N0Z2xzR3JBYWRweGluUytpbG5pdmdHVU1GeE1kUGE2czJZdXhjN0FBZDBhZklyQ004dFZsL1YyV3BmY1lwU3BrY1AiLCJtYWMiOiJjNzFmY2YzYjMzOGQyZTMyZWJmYmY2M2JjNGMxM2YyODJmNTEyYjU2OGJmNWU5MTc3ZDNmOTA1MmM2ODMzMGFmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkE0dTJaZm4zUERrV1lhV3ZFbzM4dGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOExCaWFhUUhjVytickpSbGVBVHJPSFRTdnhlV2lyTUdIYTNuK3hNV0I3NnRTNjJPSVQyN2k2Tmh" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "R5lRdQDQ4lVoRR1N0QQVNQMwEcwTDFKcecIgGiLh" "uc_cart_id" => "616d7855f006e3a940ca105c35f7b04c" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/89198" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
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