Determination of the Apoptotic Effect and Molecular Docking of Benzamide Derivative XT5 in K562 Cells

Title:Determination of the Apoptotic Effect and Molecular Docking of Benzamide Derivative XT5 in K562 Cells

Volume: 18 Issue: 11

Author(s): Tulin Ozkan*, Yalda Hekmatshoar*, Tugba Ertan-Bolelli, Andry N. Hidayat, Meral Beksac, Esin Aki-Yalcin, Ismail Yalcin and Asuman Sunguroglu

Affiliation:

• Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara,Turkey

• Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara,Turkey

Keywords: CML, K562, imatinib resistance, benzamide, apoptosis.

Abstract: Background: The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib, used as a first line treatment in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) patients, may lead to resistance and failure to therapy. Novel combinations of imatinib with other drugs is a strategy to improve treatment efficiency.

Objective: In this study, the antileukemic and apoptotic effects of a benzamide derivative XT5 and benzoxazole derivative XT2B and their combination with imatinib were investigated in imatinib-sensitive (K562S) and imatinib-resistant (K562R) CML cells.

Methods: In vitro cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. Then, apoptotic effect of XT5 on CML cell lines was tested by Annexin V flow cytometry, caspase activation and RT-PCR. Docking calculation was performed using AutoDock Vina in PyMOL environment using AutoDock/Vina plugin for PyMOL.

Results: According to our MTT assay data, XT5 indicated significant antiproliferative effect on cell lines, therefore we investigated apoptotic effects of XT5. Treatment of K562 cell lines with a combination of XT5 and imatinib-XT5 increased cytotoxicity, the Annexin V binding and caspase 3/7 activation. In addition to apoptosis assays, we observed an increase in the expression levels of the pro-apoptotic (BAX, BAD and BIM) genes in XT5 treated K562R and K562S cells. Molecular modelling experiments showed that XT5 showed hydrogenbonding interactions with important amino acids of BCR-ABL kinase receptor; however XT2B did not show any hydrogen bond interaction.

Conclusion: Our results indicate that XT5 could be a potential candidate to be used as a new anticancer drug and XT5 combination with imatinib as an alternate treatment strategy for overcoming imatinib resistance.

Cite this article as:

Ozkan Tulin *, Hekmatshoar Yalda *, Ertan-Bolelli Tugba , Hidayat N. Andry , Beksac Meral , Aki-Yalcin Esin , Yalcin Ismail and Sunguroglu Asuman , Determination of the Apoptotic Effect and Molecular Docking of Benzamide Derivative XT5 in K562 Cells, Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2018; 18 (11) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520618666171229222534