摘要
胆汁流的产生是由渗透活性化合物从窦状血液向胆管腔（胆小管）的矢量转移驱动的。因此，与胆汁形成相关的肝细胞转运蛋白的定位对于胆汁分泌是至关重要的。肝细胞转运蛋白位于质膜或再循环内体中，可根据需要将其重新定位到质膜，或在需求减少时内吞。因此，内吞内化/外来细胞靶向/来自该回收室的平衡是肝脏产生胆汁和处置内源和异生素的能力的主要决定因素。此外，加剧的内吞内化是实验和人类胆汁淤积的常见病理机制;这导致胆汁分泌失败，并最终通过增加降解导致翻译后转运蛋白下调。本综述总结了提出的结构机制，解释了这种病理状况（例如，F-肌动蛋白或F-肌动蛋白/转运蛋白交联蛋白的功能，定位或表达的改变，以及切换到可以容易内吞的膜微区），并且涉及介体（例如，触发“胆汁淤积”信号转导途径）。最后，我们讨论了基于使用触发细胞靶向小管转运蛋白（例如，cAMP，牛磺熊去氧胆酸盐）的化合物的许多治疗实验方法的转运蛋白内化所引起的胆汁淤积性衰竭的效果。通过为从头合成的转运蛋白提供适当的定位和膜稳定性，该治疗剂可以补充旨在转录改善转运蛋白表达的治疗。
关键词: 胆汁盐，cAMP，胆汁淤积，内吞作用，肝细胞转运蛋白，信号通路，熊去氧胆酸盐，囊泡运输。
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