摘要
蛋白酶在任何活生物体中的主要功能是蛋白质的裂解，导致受损，错误折叠和潜在有害蛋白质的降解，从而为细胞提供合成新蛋白质所必需的氨基酸。除了这一主要功能外，蛋白酶可以作为信号分子发挥重要作用，并参与许多蛋白质级联以维持生物体的重要过程。植物蛋白酶也不例外。此外，与人源编码的酶相反，许多植物蛋白酶具有特殊的特征，例如更高的稳定性，独特的底物特异性和酶活性的宽pH范围。这些有价值的特征使植物来源的蛋白水解酶适用于许多生物医学应用，此外，植物可以作为蛋白质生产的工厂。植物蛋白酶已经用于治疗人体内的几种病理状况。一些酶具有抗肿瘤，抗细菌和抗真菌活性。植物蛋白酶的胶原水解活性决定了重要的医学应用，例如伤口愈合和烧伤清创术。植物蛋白酶可以影响血液凝固过程并且可以用于治疗消化紊乱。本综述总结了植物蛋白酶在生物医学中的最新进展和可能的应用，并提出在生物技术和制药工业中进一步开发植物来源的蛋白水解酶。
关键词: 植物蛋白酶，生物医学，应用，抗肿瘤，伤口愈合，烧伤清创，溶栓，免疫调节。
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