摘要
背景：纤维素是自然界中第一个丰富的生物聚合物，具有许多令人着迷的特性，包括低成本，良好的生物降解性和优异的生物相容性，这使得纤维素成为制造纳米药物递送系统（纳米DDS）的真正潜在材料。该综述旨在介绍和讨论纤维素基前药和纳米颗粒的药物递送应用的一些显着的最新进展。 方法：通过对近十年研究文献的研究，总结了基于纤维素的纳米DDS的多种特征研究，并将其分为前体药物，前药纳米粒子，固体或衍生纳米粒子，两亲共聚物纳米粒子和聚电解质复合纳米粒子。描述和讨论了用于官能化，药效学作用和应用的各种方法。 结果：许多类型的纤维素基纳米DDS可以确保各种药物的有效包封，然后克服游离药物分子的缺点。在所有描述的方法中，最常使用基于纤维素的两亲纳米颗粒。这些配方具有较高的载药能力，是实现多功能的简单灵活的方式。除了亲水或疏水改性之外，纤维素或其衍生物可以形成具有不同小分子和大分子的纳米颗粒，从而产生大范围的基于纤维素的纳米DDS并提供一些意想不到的优点。 结论：彻底的物理化学表征和对纤维素基纳米DDS与细胞和组织相互作用的深刻理解是必不可少的。此外，应进行技术参数优化研究，并从实验室到生产水平进行扩展。静脉内和口服适用的纤维素纳米DDS的开发将是一个重要的研究领域，这些系统将在市场上具有更多的商业地位。
关键词: 纤维素，纳米粒子，前药，药物传递系统，化学改性纤维素，纳米医学。
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