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Review Article

脂肪酸及其对肝脂肪变性的体内和体外模型的影响

卷 26, 期 19, 2019

页: [3439 - 3456] 页: 18

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867324666170518101334

价格: $65

摘要

背景：脂肪肝或脂肪变性是肝脏中脂质过多积累的一种状况，主要是甘油三酸酯（TG）形式，这是非酒精性脂肪肝疾病（NAFLD）的标志。 NAFLD是全世界最常见的肝脏疾病，经常与肥胖，高脂血症和胰岛素抵抗相关。游离脂肪酸（FA）是肝脂肪变性的主要介质。 NAFLD患者的循环FA水平升高，与疾病的严重程度相关。 方法：脂肪变性是一种可逆的疾病，可以通过改变行为来解决，或者可以发展为更严重的肝脏损害，例如脂肪性肝炎（NASH），纤维化和肝硬化。在NAFLD中，外源或内源性FA积累在肝细胞中并引发肝损伤。过量的TG储存在胞质脂质滴（LDs）中，这些脂质是动态细胞器，充当脂质代谢的枢纽。 结果：在本综述的第一部分中，我们简要地假设了FA的主要类别及其化学分类是双键存在和数量，它们的代谢途径以及对人体健康的影响的函数。然后，我们总结了NAFLD的主要遗传和饮食诱导的动物模型，以及NAFLD的细胞模型。 结论：近年来，通过饮食诱导的NAFLD动物模型以及NAFLD的细胞模型在研究NAFLD涉及的机制方面都得到了越来越多的应用，我们谈到了它们的优缺点。

关键词: 脂肪酸，肝脂肪变性，非酒精性脂肪肝疾病（NAFLD），活性氧（ROS），脂肪酸氧化，脂质代谢，氧化应激，脂质滴（LDs）。

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