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Review Article

食物和胃食管反流病

卷 26, 期 19, 2019

页: [3497 - 3511] 页: 15

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867324666170515123807

价格: $65

摘要

胃食管反流病是一种慢性病，在西方国家盛行。短暂的下食管括约肌松弛发作和下食管括约肌压力降低是主要的机制。目前使用的药物对反流症状有效，但仅在给药后有效，因为它们不会改变反流屏障。通常认为某些营养素或食物会增加胃食管反流症状的发生率，因此，医生建议您改变饮食，一些患者避免打扰食物。这篇综述总结了有关食物和胃食管反流的最新知识。例如，摄入脂肪会增加对反流症状的感知。常规的咖啡和巧克力会引起胃食管反流，并增加食管下酸的暴露量。辛辣食物可能会引起胃灼热，但确切的机制尚不清楚。啤酒和葡萄酒会引起胃食管反流，主要发生在摄入后的第一个小时。对于其他食品，例如油炸食品或碳酸饮料，缺乏胃食管反流的数据。同样，关于饮食类型和胃食管反流的数据也很少。地中海饮食和低碳水化合物饮食可防止反流。关于饮食相关的习惯，一致的数据显示“进餐间隔短”有利于反流发作，因此一些作者建议晚餐应至少在睡前四个小时。所有这些建议都应考虑患者的体重，因为一些荟萃分析显示，体重指数增加与胃食管反流病之间存在正相关关系。

关键词: 胃食管反流疾病，烧心，饮食，咖啡，脂肪摄入，巧克力，酒精。

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